Michael Helman
CF Round Rock Express| Year | Age | Lvl / Team | PA | AVG/OBP/SLG | HR | SB | wRC+ | WAR | MLE AVG/OBP/SLG |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 28 | AAAMIN | 314 | .271/.353/.487 | 14 | 12 | 72 | — | .210/.276/.353 |
| 2025 | 29 | AAATEX | 311 | .231/.296/.406 | 9 | 12 | 57 | — | .194/.244/.337 |
| 2025 | 29 | MLBTEX | 110 | .232/.290/.455 | 5 | 4 | 97 | 0.5 | |
| 2026 | 30 | AAATEX | 173 | .207/.296/.360 | 6 | 5 | 34 | — | .167/.231/.269 |
| 2026 | 30 | MLBTEX | 35 | .167/.242/.300 | 1 | 0 | 43 | -0.1 | |
| 2027PROJ45% MLB | 31 | MLBTEX | 70 | .204/.262/.354 | 2 | 4 | 70 | -0.0 | |
| 2028PROJ48% MLB | 32 | MLBTEX | 71 | .201/.259/.344 | 2 | 3 | 66 | -0.3 |
Tools · Splits · ContractCON 45 / POW 50
Career Stats + Projections
Methodology▸ how these numbers are built
All seasons translated to park-neutral MLB-equivalent (MLE) and combined per year. 2027 = full-season projection (no games played yet). 2028+ via Advanced Marcel + aging curve.
| Year | Age | Lvl | Team | MLB% | PA | AB | H | 2B | 3B | HR | BB | SO | HBP | SB | CS | AVG | OBP | SLG | OPS | ISO | BABIP | K% | BB% | wOBA | wRC+ | BAT | RUN | FLD | POS | REP | WAR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ▸ Career — actual stats, one row per stint (as recorded, no adjustments) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2018 | 22 | A | Cedar Rapids Kernels | — | 118 | 107 | 38 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 14 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 355 | 405 | 486 | 891 | 131 | 387 | 12 | 5 | 391 | 103 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2018 | 22 | ROK | Elizabethton Twins | — | 46 | 40 | 15 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 375 | 444 | 575 | 1.019 | 200 | 371 | 9 | 7 | 439 | 121 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2019 | 23 | A+ | Fort Myers Miracle | — | 306 | 284 | 56 | 13 | 1 | 3 | 17 | 40 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 197 | 245 | 282 | 527 | 85 | 217 | 13 | 6 | 237 | 17 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 25 | A+ | Cedar Rapids Kernels | — | 453 | 398 | 98 | 21 | 4 | 19 | 51 | 87 | 3 | 21 | 5 | 246 | 336 | 462 | 799 | 216 | 270 | 19 | 11 | 352 | 69 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 25 | INTL | Scottsdale Scorpions | — | 62 | 51 | 11 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 6 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 216 | 355 | 255 | 610 | 39 | 244 | 10 | 15 | 298 | 88 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 26 | AAA | St. Paul Saints | — | 415 | 368 | 92 | 17 | 1 | 14 | 40 | 80 | 3 | 30 | 5 | 250 | 328 | 416 | 744 | 166 | 281 | 19 | 10 | 330 | 67 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 26 | AA | Wichita Wind Surge | — | 166 | 144 | 40 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 21 | 32 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 278 | 370 | 472 | 842 | 194 | 318 | 19 | 13 | 371 | 84 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 27 | AAA | St. Paul Saints | — | 118 | 108 | 32 | 7 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 16 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 296 | 356 | 546 | 902 | 250 | 302 | 14 | 6 | 394 | 83 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 27 | AA | Wichita Wind Surge | — | 24 | 22 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 227 | 261 | 409 | 670 | 182 | 235 | 21 | 4 | 282 | 42 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 27 | A | Fort Myers Mighty Mussels | — | 24 | 19 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 421 | 542 | 684 | 1.226 | 263 | 500 | 12 | 12 | 527 | 172 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 27 | INTL | Tigres del Licey | — | 61 | 55 | 13 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 13 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 236 | 311 | 309 | 621 | 73 | 310 | 21 | 10 | 286 | 79 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | 28 | AAA | St. Paul Saints | — | 314 | 277 | 75 | 18 | 0 | 14 | 29 | 76 | 6 | 12 | 1 | 271 | 353 | 487 | 840 | 217 | 323 | 24 | 9 | 369 | 72 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 29 | MLB | Texas Rangers | — | 110 | 99 | 23 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 21 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 232 | 290 | 455 | 744 | 222 | 247 | 19 | 6 | 317 | 97 | -0 | +1 | +1 | +2 | +2 | 0.5 |
| 2025 | 29 | AAA | Round Rock Express | — | 311 | 281 | 65 | 20 | 1 | 9 | 21 | 61 | 5 | 12 | 3 | 231 | 296 | 406 | 702 | 174 | 262 | 20 | 7 | 309 | 57 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 30 | MLB | Texas Rangers | — | 35 | 30 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 167 | 242 | 300 | 542 | 133 | 167 | 17 | 3 | 236 | 43 | -2 | +0 | +0 | +1 | +1 | -0.1 |
| 2026 | 30 | AAA | Round Rock Express | — | 173 | 150 | 31 | 5 | 0 | 6 | 17 | 44 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 207 | 296 | 360 | 656 | 153 | 250 | 25 | 10 | 291 | 34 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| ▸ Career Totals (raw MLB only — historical actual) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MLB Career | — | — | 145 | 129 | 28 | 6 | 1 | 6 | 8 | 27 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 217 | 279 | 419 | 697 | 202 | 227 | 19 | 6 | 298 | 88 | -2 | +1 | +1 | +2 | +3 | 0.5 | ||
| ▸ Career — adjusted (every ACTUAL line translated to park/league-neutral MLB equivalents) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2018 | 22 | A MLE | Cedar Rapids Kernels | — | 118 | 109 | 33 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 19 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 303 | 345 | 394 | 739 | 92 | 339 | 16 | 3 | 320 | 103 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2018 | 22 | ROK MLE | Elizabethton Twins | — | 46 | 41 | 13 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 317 | 378 | 512 | 890 | 195 | 298 | 13 | 4 | 347 | 121 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2019 | 23 | A+ MLE | Fort Myers Miracle | — | 306 | 288 | 48 | 12 | 1 | 2 | 13 | 61 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 167 | 205 | 236 | 441 | 69 | 199 | 20 | 4 | 194 | 17 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 25 | A+ MLE | Cedar Rapids Kernels | — | 453 | 415 | 79 | 16 | 3 | 16 | 34 | 118 | 3 | 21 | 5 | 190 | 257 | 359 | 616 | 169 | 225 | 26 | 8 | 270 | 69 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 26 | AAA MLE | St. Paul Saints | — | 415 | 380 | 80 | 13 | 1 | 11 | 28 | 98 | 3 | 30 | 5 | 211 | 270 | 337 | 607 | 126 | 247 | 24 | 7 | 267 | 67 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 26 | AA MLE | Wichita Wind Surge | — | 166 | 150 | 35 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 15 | 41 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 233 | 303 | 393 | 696 | 160 | 275 | 25 | 9 | 293 | 84 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 27 | AAA MLE | St. Paul Saints | — | 118 | 111 | 25 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 20 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 225 | 271 | 387 | 659 | 162 | 246 | 17 | 3 | 291 | 83 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 27 | AA MLE | Wichita Wind Surge | — | 24 | 22 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 227 | 261 | 409 | 670 | 182 | 205 | 25 | 4 | 230 | 42 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 27 | A MLE | Fort Myers Mighty Mussels | — | 24 | 20 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 350 | 458 | 550 | 1.008 | 200 | 433 | 17 | 8 | 423 | 172 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | 28 | AAA MLE | St. Paul Saints | — | 314 | 286 | 60 | 14 | 0 | 9 | 20 | 92 | 6 | 12 | 1 | 210 | 276 | 353 | 629 | 143 | 266 | 29 | 6 | 274 | 72 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 29 | MLB MLE | Texas Rangers | — | 110 | 99 | 23 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 21 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 232 | 290 | 455 | 744 | 222 | 247 | 19 | 6 | 312 | 97 | -0 | +1 | +1 | +2 | +2 | 0.5 |
| 2025 | 29 | AAA MLE | Round Rock Express | — | 311 | 288 | 56 | 18 | 1 | 7 | 14 | 67 | 5 | 12 | 3 | 194 | 244 | 337 | 581 | 142 | 223 | 22 | 5 | 253 | 57 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 30 | MLB MLE | Texas Rangers | — | 35 | 30 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 167 | 242 | 300 | 542 | 133 | 167 | 17 | 3 | 232 | 43 | -2 | +0 | +0 | +1 | +1 | -0.1 |
| 2026 | 30 | AAA MLE | Round Rock Express | — | 173 | 156 | 26 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 11 | 53 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 167 | 231 | 269 | 500 | 103 | 209 | 31 | 6 | 218 | 34 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2018 | 22 | A MLE | 2 teams | — | 164 | 150 | 46 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 25 | 5 | 10 | 6 | 307 | 354 | 427 | 781 | 120 | 344 | 15 | 4 | 328 | 108 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2018 | 22 | A RAW | 2 teams | — | 164 | 147 | 53 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 9 | 18 | 5 | 10 | 6 | 361 | 416 | 510 | 926 | 150 | 383 | 11 | 5 | 404 | 108 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2019 | 23 | A+ MLE | Fort Myers Miracle | — | 306 | 288 | 48 | 12 | 1 | 2 | 13 | 61 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 167 | 205 | 236 | 441 | 69 | 202 | 20 | 4 | 194 | 17 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2019 | 23 | A+ RAW | Fort Myers Miracle | — | 306 | 284 | 56 | 13 | 1 | 3 | 17 | 40 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 197 | 245 | 282 | 527 | 85 | 217 | 13 | 6 | 237 | 17 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 25 | A+ MLE | 2 teams | — | 515 | 470 | 90 | 18 | 4 | 18 | 39 | 134 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 191 | 261 | 362 | 622 | 170 | 226 | 26 | 8 | 270 | 69 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 25 | A+ RAW | 2 teams | — | 515 | 449 | 109 | 23 | 4 | 19 | 60 | 93 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 243 | 339 | 439 | 777 | 196 | 266 | 18 | 12 | 346 | 69 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 26 | AAA MLE | 2 teams | — | 581 | 531 | 114 | 18 | 2 | 16 | 42 | 139 | 3 | 40 | 5 | 215 | 276 | 347 | 623 | 132 | 257 | 24 | 7 | 274 | 72 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 26 | AAA RAW | 2 teams | — | 581 | 512 | 132 | 23 | 3 | 20 | 61 | 112 | 3 | 40 | 5 | 258 | 340 | 432 | 772 | 174 | 291 | 19 | 10 | 342 | 72 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 27 | AAA MLE | 4 teams | — | 227 | 211 | 51 | 10 | 3 | 7 | 10 | 41 | 5 | 10 | 3 | 242 | 292 | 417 | 709 | 175 | 268 | 18 | 4 | 301 | 90 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 27 | AAA RAW | 4 teams | — | 227 | 204 | 58 | 13 | 3 | 7 | 17 | 37 | 5 | 10 | 3 | 284 | 354 | 480 | 834 | 196 | 317 | 16 | 7 | 367 | 90 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | 28 | AAA MLE | St. Paul Saints | — | 314 | 286 | 60 | 14 | 0 | 9 | 20 | 92 | 6 | 12 | 1 | 210 | 276 | 353 | 629 | 143 | 273 | 29 | 6 | 274 | 72 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | 28 | AAA RAW | St. Paul Saints | — | 314 | 277 | 75 | 18 | 0 | 14 | 29 | 76 | 6 | 12 | 1 | 271 | 353 | 487 | 840 | 217 | 323 | 24 | 9 | 369 | 72 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 29 | AAA MLE | 2 teams | — | 421 | 387 | 79 | 23 | 2 | 12 | 21 | 88 | 6 | 16 | 3 | 204 | 256 | 367 | 623 | 163 | 231 | 21 | 5 | 268 | 68 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 29 | AAA RAW | 2 teams | — | 421 | 380 | 88 | 25 | 2 | 14 | 28 | 82 | 6 | 16 | 3 | 232 | 295 | 418 | 713 | 187 | 258 | 19 | 7 | 311 | 68 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 30 | AAA MLE | 2 teams | — | 208 | 186 | 31 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 12 | 59 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 167 | 233 | 274 | 507 | 108 | 211 | 28 | 6 | 220 | 35 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 30 | AAA RAW | 2 teams | — | 208 | 180 | 36 | 6 | 0 | 7 | 18 | 50 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 200 | 287 | 350 | 637 | 150 | 234 | 24 | 9 | 282 | 35 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2018 | 22 | A MLE | 2 teams | — | 164 | 152 | 46 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 25 | 5 | 10 | 6 | 303 | 354 | 421 | 775 | 118 | 328 | 15 | 4 | 328 | 108 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2019 | 23 | A+ MLE | Fort Myers Miracle | — | 306 | 289 | 48 | 12 | 1 | 2 | 13 | 61 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 166 | 205 | 235 | 441 | 69 | 199 | 20 | 4 | 194 | 17 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 25 | A+ MLE | 2 teams | — | 515 | 466 | 90 | 18 | 4 | 18 | 39 | 134 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 193 | 261 | 365 | 626 | 172 | 225 | 26 | 8 | 270 | 69 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 26 | AAA MLE | 2 teams | — | 581 | 531 | 114 | 18 | 2 | 16 | 42 | 139 | 3 | 40 | 5 | 215 | 276 | 347 | 623 | 132 | 255 | 24 | 7 | 274 | 72 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 27 | AAA MLE | 4 teams | — | 227 | 210 | 51 | 10 | 3 | 7 | 10 | 41 | 5 | 10 | 3 | 243 | 292 | 419 | 711 | 176 | 267 | 18 | 4 | 301 | 90 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | 28 | AAA MLE | St. Paul Saints | — | 314 | 285 | 60 | 14 | 0 | 9 | 20 | 92 | 6 | 12 | 1 | 211 | 276 | 354 | 630 | 144 | 266 | 29 | 6 | 274 | 72 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 29 | AAA MLE | 2 teams | — | 421 | 391 | 79 | 23 | 2 | 12 | 21 | 88 | 6 | 16 | 3 | 202 | 256 | 363 | 619 | 161 | 229 | 21 | 5 | 268 | 68 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 30 | AAA MLE | 2 teams | — | 208 | 190 | 31 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 12 | 59 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 163 | 233 | 268 | 501 | 105 | 202 | 28 | 6 | 220 | 35 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| ▸ Model inputs — neutral MLE (past 3 seasons) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 28 | AAA MLE | St. Paul Saints | — | 314 | 285 | 60 | 14 | 0 | 9 | 20 | 92 | 6 | 12 | 1 | 211 | 276 | 354 | 630 | 144 | 266 | 29 | 6 | 274 | 72 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 29 | AAA MLE | 2 teams | — | 421 | 391 | 79 | 23 | 2 | 12 | 21 | 88 | 6 | 16 | 3 | 202 | 256 | 363 | 619 | 161 | 229 | 21 | 5 | 268 | 68 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 30 | AAA MLE | 2 teams | — | 208 | 190 | 31 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 12 | 59 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 163 | 233 | 268 | 501 | 105 | 202 | 28 | 6 | 220 | 35 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| ▸ 2027 season | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ▸ 2027 — full MLE projection (neutral park, full availability) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | 31 | MLB MLE | TEX | 45% | 258 | 237 | 48 | 10 | 1 | 8 | 15 | 63 | 4 | 15 | 3 | 202 | 261 | 347 | 608 | 145 | 240 | 24 | 6 | 271 | 70 | -9 | +2 | +0 | +1 | +6 | 0.0 |
| ▸ 2027 — real world (MLB) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | 31 | MLB CTX | TEX | 45% | 70 | 65 | 13 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 17 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 204 | 262 | 354 | 616 | 150 | 240 | 24 | 6 | 274 | 70 | -3 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +2 | -0.0 |
| ▸ Career projection (2028+) — MLB context, MLB playing time (PA × MLB%) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2028 | 32 | MLB MLE | TEX | 48% | 148 | 137 | 27 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 8 | 37 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 199 | 257 | 338 | 595 | 138 | 239 | 25 | 5 | 266 | 66 | -6 | +1 | -3 | +1 | +3 | -0.5 |
| 2028 | 32 | MLB CTX | TEX | 48% | 71 | 66 | 13 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 18 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 201 | 259 | 344 | 603 | 144 | 238 | 25 | 6 | 269 | 66 | -3 | +0 | -2 | +0 | +2 | -0.3 |
| ▸ Career Totals | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ▸ Career totals — MLB only (actual + projected) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Career | — | A+C | — | 216 | 195 | 41 | 9 | 1 | 8 | 12 | 45 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 210 | 270 | 390 | 660 | 179 | 231 | 21 | 6 | 288 | 66 | -5 | +1 | -1 | +2 | +5 | 0.2 | |
| / 162G | — | A+C | — | 650 | 587 | 123 | 27 | 3 | 24 | 36 | 135 | 12 | 21 | 3 | 210 | 269 | 388 | 658 | 179 | 230 | 21 | 6 | 288 | 66 | -15 | +3 | -3 | +8 | +14 | 0.7 | |
| Career | — | MLE | — | 3039 | 2789 | 575 | 117 | 14 | 81 | 180 | 714 | 39 | 139 | 30 | 206 | 264 | 345 | 609 | 139 | 245 | 23 | 6 | 265 | 66 | -14 | +3 | -3 | +3 | +10 | -0.1 | |
| / 162G | — | MLE | — | 650 | 597 | 123 | 25 | 3 | 17 | 38 | 153 | 8 | 30 | 6 | 206 | 262 | 343 | 606 | 137 | 246 | 24 | 6 | 265 | 66 | -20 | +4 | -4 | +5 | +14 | -0.1 | |
How the minor-league lines were translated
One row per minor-league stint. Open a row to see each step: the raw rate, the park adjustment, the league/level factor, the age adjustment (hitters) and the resulting MLE rate. Factors are the same ones listed on the MLE Factors page.
2026 AAARound Rock Express · 173 PAwOBA .283 → .218 (−65)K% 25.4% → 30.5%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 25.43% | ÷1.000 | ×1.200 | — | — | 30.52% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 9.83% | ÷1.000 | ×0.690 | — | ×0.972 | 6.59% |
| HBP% /PA | 1.16% | — | ×0.940 | — | ×0.972 | 1.06% |
| Singles /BIP | 18.87% | ÷1.000 | ×0.930 | ×0.963 | ×0.972 | 16.42% |
| Doubles /BIP | 4.72% | ÷1.000 | ×0.830 | ×0.963 | ×0.972 | 3.66% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.00% | ÷1.000 | ×0.970 | ×0.963 | ×0.972 | 0.00% |
| Home runs /BIP | 5.66% | ÷1.000 | ×0.700 | — | ×0.972 | 3.85% |
Factors used: league row International League. Park (home-season share, regressed): no park row on file (treated as neutral) — applied at half strength. Age: age 30 vs a level average of 27.2 → −2.8% on BB/HBP/hit rates (2.8 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.963.
Result: wOBA .283 → .218; ISO .153 → .109; BABIP .250 → .209. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2025 AAARound Rock Express · 311 PAwOBA .302 → .253 (−49)K% 19.6% → 21.7%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 19.61% | ÷1.086 | ×1.200 | — | — | 21.68% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 6.43% | ÷0.962 | ×0.690 | — | ×0.982 | 4.53% |
| HBP% /PA | 1.61% | — | ×0.940 | — | ×0.982 | 1.48% |
| Singles /BIP | 15.91% | ÷1.053 | ×0.930 | ×0.967 | ×0.982 | 13.35% |
| Doubles /BIP | 9.09% | ÷0.881 | ×0.830 | ×0.967 | ×0.982 | 8.13% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.45% | ÷0.921 | ×0.970 | ×0.967 | ×0.982 | 0.45% |
| Home runs /BIP | 4.09% | ÷0.913 | ×0.700 | — | ×0.982 | 3.08% |
Factors used: league row International League. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 83, 1B 111, 2B 76, 3B 84, K 117, BB 92 — applied at half strength. Age: age 29 vs a level average of 27.2 → −1.8% on BB/HBP/hit rates (1.8 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.967.
Result: wOBA .302 → .253; ISO .174 → .146; BABIP .262 → .223. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2024 AAASt. Paul Saints · 314 PAwOBA .361 → .274 (−87)K% 24.2% → 29.2%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 24.20% | ÷0.995 | ×1.200 | — | — | 29.19% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 9.24% | ÷0.985 | ×0.690 | — | ×0.992 | 6.42% |
| HBP% /PA | 1.91% | — | ×0.940 | — | ×0.992 | 1.78% |
| Singles /BIP | 21.39% | ÷1.010 | ×0.930 | ×0.950 | ×0.992 | 18.57% |
| Doubles /BIP | 8.96% | ÷0.996 | ×0.830 | ×0.950 | ×0.992 | 7.03% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.00% | ÷1.043 | ×0.970 | ×0.950 | ×0.992 | 0.00% |
| Home runs /BIP | 6.97% | ÷1.039 | ×0.700 | — | ×0.992 | 4.66% |
Factors used: league row International League. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 108, 1B 102, 2B 99, 3B 109, K 99, BB 97 — applied at half strength. Age: age 28 vs a level average of 27.2 → −0.8% on BB/HBP/hit rates (0.8 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.950.
Result: wOBA .361 → .274; ISO .217 → .149; BABIP .323 → .266. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2023 AAASt. Paul Saints · 118 PAwOBA .383 → .291 (−91)K% 13.6% → 16.7%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 13.56% | ÷0.973 | ×1.200 | — | — | 16.72% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 5.93% | ÷1.067 | ×0.690 | — | ×1.003 | 3.85% |
| HBP% /PA | 2.54% | — | ×0.940 | — | ×1.003 | 2.40% |
| Singles /BIP | 19.57% | ÷0.964 | ×0.930 | ×0.950 | ×1.003 | 17.98% |
| Doubles /BIP | 7.61% | ÷1.341 | ×0.830 | ×0.950 | ×1.003 | 4.49% |
| Triples /BIP | 1.09% | ÷0.977 | ×0.970 | ×0.950 | ×1.003 | 1.03% |
| Home runs /BIP | 6.52% | ÷1.009 | ×0.700 | — | ×1.003 | 4.54% |
Factors used: league row International League. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 102, 1B 93, 2B 168, 3B 95, K 95, BB 113 — applied at half strength. Age: age 27 vs a level average of 27.2 → +0.3% on BB/HBP/hit rates (0.2 yr younger than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.950.
Result: wOBA .383 → .291; ISO .250 → .170; BABIP .302 → .246. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2023 AAWichita Wind Surge · 24 PAwOBA .286 → .230 (−56)K% 20.8% → 25.0%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 20.83% | ÷1.018 | ×1.220 | — | — | 24.97% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 4.17% | ÷0.962 | ×0.700 | — | ×0.978 | 2.97% |
| HBP% /PA | 0.00% | — | ×0.870 | — | ×0.978 | 0.00% |
| Singles /BIP | 17.65% | ÷1.011 | ×0.920 | — | ×0.978 | 15.70% |
| Doubles /BIP | 5.88% | ÷0.931 | ×0.840 | — | ×0.978 | 5.19% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.00% | ÷0.900 | ×0.940 | — | ×0.978 | 0.00% |
| Home runs /BIP | 5.88% | ÷1.231 | ×0.800 | — | ×0.978 | 3.74% |
Factors used: league row TL. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 146, 1B 102, 2B 86, 3B 80, K 104, BB 92 — applied at half strength. Age: age 27 vs a level average of 24.8 → −2.2% on BB/HBP/hit rates (2.2 yr older than average).
Result: wOBA .286 → .230; ISO .182 → .129; BABIP .235 → .205. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2023 AFort Myers Mighty Mussels · 24 PAwOBA .514 → .423 (−91)K% 12.5% → 17.5%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 12.50% | ÷0.969 | ×1.360 | — | — | 17.55% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 12.50% | ÷1.050 | ×0.690 | — | ×0.950 | 7.80% |
| HBP% /PA | 8.33% | — | ×0.780 | — | ×0.950 | 6.17% |
| Singles /BIP | 25.00% | ÷0.938 | ×0.920 | — | ×0.950 | 23.29% |
| Doubles /BIP | 18.75% | ÷1.053 | ×0.830 | — | ×0.950 | 14.04% |
| Triples /BIP | 6.25% | ÷0.900 | ×0.910 | — | ×0.950 | 6.00% |
| Home runs /BIP | 0.00% | ÷0.976 | ×0.800 | — | ×0.950 | 0.00% |
Factors used: level-wide A factors (no league-specific row for this league/era). Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 95, 1B 88, 2B 111, 3B 80, K 94, BB 110 — applied at half strength. Age: age 27 vs a level average of 22.0 → −5.0% on BB/HBP/hit rates (5.0 yr older than average).
Result: wOBA .514 → .423; ISO .263 → .225; BABIP .500 → .433. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2022 AAASt. Paul Saints · 415 PAwOBA .324 → .267 (−58)K% 19.3% → 23.6%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 19.28% | ÷0.981 | ×1.200 | — | — | 23.57% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 9.64% | ÷1.012 | ×0.690 | — | ×1.018 | 6.69% |
| HBP% /PA | 0.72% | — | ×0.940 | — | ×1.018 | 0.69% |
| Singles /BIP | 20.83% | ÷1.000 | ×0.930 | ×0.975 | ×1.018 | 19.23% |
| Doubles /BIP | 5.90% | ÷1.079 | ×0.830 | ×0.975 | ×1.018 | 4.51% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.35% | ÷1.150 | ×0.970 | ×0.975 | ×1.018 | 0.29% |
| Home runs /BIP | 4.86% | ÷0.881 | ×0.700 | — | ×1.018 | 3.93% |
Factors used: league row International League. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 76, 1B 100, 2B 116, 3B 130, K 96, BB 102 — applied at half strength. Age: age 26 vs a level average of 27.2 → +1.8% on BB/HBP/hit rates (1.2 yr younger than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.975.
Result: wOBA .324 → .267; ISO .166 → .131; BABIP .281 → .247. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2022 AAWichita Wind Surge · 166 PAwOBA .364 → .293 (−70)K% 19.3% → 24.6%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 19.28% | ÷0.958 | ×1.220 | — | — | 24.56% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 12.65% | ÷0.991 | ×0.700 | — | ×0.988 | 8.83% |
| HBP% /PA | 0.00% | — | ×0.870 | — | ×0.988 | 0.00% |
| Singles /BIP | 23.21% | ÷1.018 | ×0.920 | ×0.999 | ×0.988 | 20.71% |
| Doubles /BIP | 5.36% | ÷1.001 | ×0.840 | ×0.999 | ×0.988 | 4.44% |
| Triples /BIP | 1.79% | ÷1.150 | ×0.940 | ×0.999 | ×0.988 | 1.44% |
| Home runs /BIP | 5.36% | ÷0.985 | ×0.800 | — | ×0.988 | 4.30% |
Factors used: league row TL. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 97, 1B 104, 2B 100, 3B 130, K 92, BB 98 — applied at half strength. Age: age 26 vs a level average of 24.8 → −1.2% on BB/HBP/hit rates (1.2 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.999.
Result: wOBA .364 → .293; ISO .194 → .155; BABIP .318 → .275. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
Not traceable per stint: some stints lack the counting stats the component translation needs. Level-wide factors that apply instead — .