Billy Hamilton

PosCF

B/TS/R

Born1990-09-09

Age (2027)36

No MLB projection yet. Career stats below are historical.

Overview

INTL

Year	Age	Lvl / Team	PA	AVG/OBP/SLG	HR	SB	wRC+	WAR	MLE AVG/OBP/SLG
2023	32	AAATB	113	.179/.291/.263	1	8	14	—	.140/.218/.210
2024	33	INTLMexico	309	.244/.332/.376	3	43	97	—
2025	34	INTLMexico Rojo	149	.231/.310/.315	1	12	76	—

Contract

No contract data on file.

Skills · percentileStatcast 2021-2023

Speed76

Barrel%10

xwOBA10

Avg EV10

Career Stats + Projections

Real MLB stats plus park-adjusted projections — this season (so far / rest / full), then future seasons and career totals.

show model inputsbasis chips: RAW = as recorded · CTX = with park/league context · A+C = actual + context combined · MLE = level/park-neutral

Methodology▸ how these numbers are built

All seasons translated to park-neutral MLB-equivalent (MLE) and combined per year. 2027 = full-season projection (no games played yet). 2028+ via Advanced Marcel + aging curve.

Year	Age	Lvl	Team	MLB%	PA	AB	H	2B	3B	HR	BB	SO	HBP	SB	CS	AVG	OBP	SLG	OPS	ISO	BABIP	K%	BB%	wOBA	wRC+	BAT	RUN	FLD	POS	REP	WAR
▸ Career — actual stats, one row per stint (as recorded, no adjustments)
2009	18	ROK	GCL Reds	—	180	166	34	6	3	0	11	47	0	14	3	205	254	277	531	72	283	26	6	238	-5	—	—	—	—	—	—
2010	19	ROK	Billings Mustangs	—	316	283	90	13	10	2	28	56	3	48	9	318	385	456	841	138	388	18	9	372	63	—	—	—	—	—	—
2011	20	A	Dayton Dragons	—	610	550	153	18	9	3	52	133	1	103	20	278	342	360	702	82	360	22	9	315	58	—	—	—	—	—	—
2011	20	INTL	Leones de Ponce	—	42	36	7	0	0	0	5	10	0	6	2	194	293	194	487		259	24	12	234	44	—	—	—	—	—	—
2012	21	AA	Pensacola Blue Wahoos	—	213	175	50	4	5	1	36	43	0	51	16	286	408	383	790	97	371	20	17	360	108	—	—	—	—	—	—
2012	21	A+	Bakersfield Blaze	—	392	337	109	18	9	1	50	70	2	104	21	323	414	439	853	116	404	18	13	381	99	—	—	—	—	—	—
2012	21	INTL	Peoria Javelinas	—	73	64	15	1	1	1	7	12	0	10	2	234	310	328	638	94	269	16	10	284	78	—	—	—	—	—	—
2013	22	MLB	Cincinnati Reds	—	22	19	7	2	0	0	2	4	0	13	1	368	429	474	902	105	467	18	9	386	147	+1	+2	+0	+2	+0	0.7
2013	22	AAA	Louisville Bats	—	547	504	129	18	4	6	38	102	0	75	15	256	308	343	651	87	310	19	7	292	59	—	—	—	—	—	—
2013	22	INTL	Cangrejeros de Santurce	—	82	75	17	3	1	0	6	12	0	11	2	227	284	293	577	67	270	15	7	261	63	—	—	—	—	—	—
2014	23	MLB	Cincinnati Reds	—	611	563	141	25	8	6	34	117	1	56	23	250	294	355	650	105	304	19	6	285	77	-16	+2	+13	+2	+13	1.5
2015	24	MLB	Cincinnati Reds	—	454	412	93	8	3	4	28	75	1	57	8	226	277	289	565	63	264	17	6	252	54	-25	+8	+9	+2	+10	0.4
2016	25	MLB	Cincinnati Reds	—	460	411	107	19	3	3	36	93	1	58	8	260	321	343	664	83	329	20	8	295	84	-9	+8	+19	+2	+10	3.1
2017	26	MLB	Cincinnati Reds	—	633	582	144	17	11	4	44	133	0	59	13	247	300	335	635	88	313	21	7	284	77	-18	+7	+12	+2	+14	1.7
2018	27	MLB	Cincinnati Reds	—	556	504	119	16	9	4	46	132	1	34	10	236	301	327	629	91	309	24	8	284	76	-16	+3	+13	+2	+12	1.4
2019	28	MLB	Atlanta Braves	—	353	316	69	14	2	0	32	87	0	22	6	218	290	275	566	57	299	25	9	259	60	-17	+2	+3	+1	+8	-0.3
2020	29	MLB	Chicago Cubs	—	36	32	4	0	0	1	2	7	0	6	2	125	176	219	395	94	120	19	6	172	4	-4	+0	+3	+0	+1	-0.0
2021	30	MLB	Chicago White Sox	—	135	127	28	8	3	2	4	47	0	9	0	220	244	378	622	157	329	35	3	264	64	-6	+2	+1	+1	+3	0.0
2021	30	AAA	Charlotte Knights	—	21	19	3	1	0	0	2	8	0	1	0	158	238	211	449	53	273	38	10	214	-12	—	—	—	—	—	—
2022	31	MLB	Minnesota Twins	—	23	20	1	0	0	0	2	12	0	10	1	50	136	50	186		125	52	9	100	-46	-4	+2	-0	-1	+0	-0.3
2022	31	AAA	St. Paul Saints	—	106	96	18	4	0	0	10	31	0	5	0	188	264	229	493	42	277	29	9	234	0	—	—	—	—	—	—
2023	32	AAA	Durham Bulls	—	113	95	17	3	1	1	14	35	1	8	0	179	291	263	554	84	267	31	12	256	14	—	—	—	—	—	—
2024	33	INTL	Mexico	—	309	266	65	14	6	3	33	60	2	43	4	244	332	376	708	132	302	19	11	312	97	—	—	—	—	—	—
2025	34	INTL	Mexico Rojo	—	149	130	30	6	1	1	15	30	0	12	2	231	310	315	626	85	293	20	10	280	76	—	—	—	—	—	—
▸ Career Totals (raw MLB only — historical actual)
MLB Career	—			—	3283	2986	713	109	39	24	230	707	4	324	72	239	294	326	620	87	303	22	7	276	73	-106	+36	+73	+13	+71	8.8
▸ Career — adjusted (every ACTUAL line translated to park/league-neutral MLB equivalents)
2009	18	ROK MLE	GCL Reds	—	180	170	24	4	2	0	7	68	0	14	3	141	175	188	363	47	227	38	4	161	-5	—	—	—	—	—	—
2010	19	ROK MLE	Billings Mustangs	—	316	294	67	9	7	1	17	81	3	48	9	228	277	316	593	88	304	26	5	261	63	—	—	—	—	—	—
2011	20	A MLE	Dayton Dragons	—	610	565	133	14	7	2	37	181	1	103	20	235	284	296	579	60	333	30	6	254	58	—	—	—	—	—	—
2012	21	AA MLE	Pensacola Blue Wahoos	—	213	187	53	4	5	1	24	51	0	51	16	283	365	374	739	91	382	24	11	328	108	—	—	—	—	—	—
2012	21	A+ MLE	Bakersfield Blaze	—	392	351	97	15	7	1	36	94	2	104	21	276	347	368	715	91	367	24	9	314	99	—	—	—	—	—	—
2013	22	MLB MLE	Cincinnati Reds	—	22	19	7	2	0	0	2	4	0	13	1	368	429	474	902	105	467	18	9	385	147	+1	+2	+0	+2	+0	0.7
2013	22	AAA MLE	Louisville Bats	—	547	516	121	16	4	5	26	127	0	75	15	234	271	310	581	76	299	23	5	255	59	—	—	—	—	—	—
2014	23	MLB MLE	Cincinnati Reds	—	611	563	140	25	8	6	34	117	1	56	23	249	293	353	646	105	304	19	6	282	77	-16	+2	+13	+2	+13	1.5
2015	24	MLB MLE	Cincinnati Reds	—	454	412	93	8	3	4	28	75	1	57	8	226	277	289	565	63	264	17	6	249	54	-25	+8	+9	+2	+10	0.4
2016	25	MLB MLE	Cincinnati Reds	—	460	411	107	19	3	3	36	93	1	58	8	260	321	343	664	83	329	20	8	292	84	-9	+8	+19	+2	+10	3.1
2017	26	MLB MLE	Cincinnati Reds	—	633	582	143	17	11	4	44	133	0	59	13	246	299	333	632	88	313	21	7	281	77	-18	+7	+12	+2	+14	1.7
2018	27	MLB MLE	Cincinnati Reds	—	556	504	119	16	9	4	46	132	1	34	10	236	301	327	629	91	309	24	8	280	76	-16	+3	+13	+2	+12	1.4
2019	28	MLB MLE	Atlanta Braves	—	353	317	69	14	2	0	31	87	0	22	6	218	287	274	562	57	299	25	9	257	60	-17	+2	+3	+1	+8	-0.3
2020	29	MLB MLE	Chicago Cubs	—	36	32	4	0	0	1	2	7	0	6	2	125	176	219	395	94	120	19	6	174	4	-4	+0	+3	+0	+1	-0.0
2021	30	MLB MLE	Chicago White Sox	—	135	127	28	8	3	2	4	47	0	9	0	220	244	378	622	157	329	35	3	263	64	-6	+2	+1	+1	+3	0.0
2021	30	AAA MLE	Charlotte Knights	—	21	20	3	1	0	0	1	9	0	1	0	150	190	200	390	50	229	43	5	151	-12	—	—	—	—	—	—
2022	31	MLB MLE	Minnesota Twins	—	23	20	1	0	0	0	2	12	0	10	1	50	136	50	186		125	52	9	100	-46	-4	+2	-0	-1	+0	-0.3
2022	31	AAA MLE	St. Paul Saints	—	106	100	14	3	0	0	6	38	0	5	0	140	189	170	359	30	228	36	6	168	0	—	—	—	—	—	—
2023	32	AAA MLE	Durham Bulls	—	113	100	14	2	1	1	9	42	1	8	0	140	218	210	428	70	215	37	8	189	14	—	—	—	—	—	—
2009	18	ROK MLE	GCL Reds	—	180	170	24	4	2	0	7	68	0	14	3	141	175	188	363	47	233	38	4	161	-5	—	—	—	—	—	—
2009	18	ROK RAW	GCL Reds	—	180	166	34	6	3	0	11	47	0	14	3	205	254	277	531	72	283	26	6	238	-5	—	—	—	—	—	—
2010	19	ROK MLE	Billings Mustangs	—	316	294	67	9	7	1	17	81	3	48	9	228	277	316	593	88	308	26	5	261	63	—	—	—	—	—	—
2010	19	ROK RAW	Billings Mustangs	—	316	283	90	13	10	2	28	56	3	48	9	318	385	456	841	138	388	18	9	372	63	—	—	—	—	—	—
2011	20	A MLE	2 teams	—	652	604	141	15	7	2	39	194	1	109	22	233	281	291	572	58	337	30	6	254	58	—	—	—	—	—	—
2011	20	A RAW	2 teams	—	652	586	160	18	9	3	57	143	1	109	22	273	339	350	688	77	354	22	9	310	58	—	—	—	—	—	—
2012	21	A+ MLE	3 teams	—	678	601	168	22	14	1	68	162	2	165	39	280	355	368	722	88	379	24	10	319	102	—	—	—	—	—	—
2012	21	A+ RAW	3 teams	—	678	576	174	23	15	3	93	125	2	165	39	302	401	410	811	108	379	18	14	364	102	—	—	—	—	—	—
2013	22	AAA MLE	3 teams	—	651	612	148	21	5	6	32	150	0	99	18	242	280	322	601	80	311	23	5	260	62	—	—	—	—	—	—
2013	22	AAA RAW	3 teams	—	651	598	153	23	5	6	46	118	0	99	18	256	309	341	650	85	309	18	7	292	62	—	—	—	—	—	—
2014	23	MLB MLE	Cincinnati Reds	—	611	563	140	25	8	6	34	117	1	56	23	249	293	353	646	105	302	19	6	282	77	-16	+2	+13	+2	+13	1.5
2014	23	MLB RAW	Cincinnati Reds	—	611	563	141	25	8	6	34	117	1	56	23	250	294	355	650	105	304	19	6	285	77	-16	+2	+13	+2	+13	1.5
2015	24	MLB MLE	Cincinnati Reds	—	454	412	93	8	3	4	28	75	1	57	8	226	277	289	565	63	264	17	6	249	54	-25	+8	+9	+2	+10	0.4
2015	24	MLB RAW	Cincinnati Reds	—	454	412	93	8	3	4	28	75	1	57	8	226	277	289	565	63	264	17	6	252	54	-25	+8	+9	+2	+10	0.4
2016	25	MLB MLE	Cincinnati Reds	—	460	411	107	19	3	3	36	93	1	58	8	260	321	343	664	83	329	20	8	292	84	-9	+8	+19	+2	+10	3.1
2016	25	MLB RAW	Cincinnati Reds	—	460	411	107	19	3	3	36	93	1	58	8	260	321	343	664	83	329	20	8	295	84	-9	+8	+19	+2	+10	3.1
2017	26	MLB MLE	Cincinnati Reds	—	633	582	143	17	11	4	44	133	0	59	13	246	299	333	632	88	311	21	7	281	77	-18	+7	+12	+2	+14	1.7
2017	26	MLB RAW	Cincinnati Reds	—	633	582	144	17	11	4	44	133	0	59	13	247	300	335	635	88	313	21	7	284	77	-18	+7	+12	+2	+14	1.7
2018	27	MLB MLE	Cincinnati Reds	—	556	504	119	16	9	4	46	132	1	34	10	236	301	327	629	91	309	24	8	280	76	-16	+3	+13	+2	+12	1.4
2018	27	MLB RAW	Cincinnati Reds	—	556	504	119	16	9	4	46	132	1	34	10	236	301	327	629	91	309	24	8	284	76	-16	+3	+13	+2	+12	1.4
2019	28	MLB MLE	Atlanta Braves	—	353	317	69	14	2	0	31	87	0	22	6	218	287	274	562	57	297	25	9	257	60	-17	+2	+3	+1	+8	-0.3
2019	28	MLB RAW	Atlanta Braves	—	353	316	69	14	2	0	32	87	0	22	6	218	290	275	566	57	299	25	9	259	60	-17	+2	+3	+1	+8	-0.3
2020	29	MLB MLE	Chicago Cubs	—	36	32	4	0	0	1	2	7	0	6	2	125	176	219	395	94	120	19	6	174	4	-4	+0	+3	+0	+1	-0.0
2020	29	MLB RAW	Chicago Cubs	—	36	32	4	0	0	1	2	7	0	6	2	125	176	219	395	94	120	19	6	172	4	-4	+0	+3	+0	+1	-0.0
2021	30	MLB MLE	2 teams	—	156	147	31	9	3	2	5	56	0	10	0	211	237	354	591	143	322	36	3	248	54	-9	+2	+1	+1	+3	-0.2
2021	30	MLB RAW	2 teams	—	156	146	31	9	3	2	6	55	0	10	0	212	243	356	600	144	322	35	4	257	54	-9	+2	+1	+1	+3	-0.2
2022	31	AAA MLE	2 teams	—	129	120	15	3	0	0	8	50	0	15	1	125	180	150	330	25	214	39	6	156	-8	—	—	—	—	—	—
2022	31	AAA RAW	2 teams	—	129	116	19	4	0	0	12	43	0	15	1	164	242	198	440	34	260	33	9	210	-8	—	—	—	—	—	—
2023	32	AAA MLE	Durham Bulls	—	113	100	14	2	1	1	9	42	1	8	0	140	218	210	428	70	224	37	8	189	14	—	—	—	—	—	—
2023	32	AAA RAW	Durham Bulls	—	113	95	17	3	1	1	14	35	1	8	0	179	291	263	554	84	267	31	12	256	14	—	—	—	—	—	—
2024	33	INTL MLE	Mexico	—	309	266	65	14	6	3	33	60	2	43	4	244	332	376	708	132	302	19	11	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
2024	33	INTL RAW	Mexico	—	309	266	65	14	6	3	33	60	2	43	4	244	332	376	708	132	302	19	11	312	97	—	—	—	—	—	—
2025	34	INTL MLE	Mexico Rojo	—	149	130	30	6	1	1	15	30	0	12	2	231	310	315	626	85	293	20	10	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
2025	34	INTL RAW	Mexico Rojo	—	149	130	30	6	1	1	15	30	0	12	2	231	310	315	626	85	293	20	10	280	76	—	—	—	—	—	—
2009	18	ROK MLE	GCL Reds	—	180	171	24	4	2	0	7	68	0	14	3	140	175	187	362	47	227	38	4	161	-5	—	—	—	—	—	—
2010	19	ROK MLE	Billings Mustangs	—	316	293	67	9	7	1	17	81	3	48	9	229	277	317	594	89	304	26	5	261	63	—	—	—	—	—	—
2011	20	A MLE	2 teams	—	652	607	141	15	7	2	39	194	1	109	22	232	281	290	571	58	333	30	6	254	58	—	—	—	—	—	—
2012	21	A+ MLE	3 teams	—	678	603	168	22	14	1	68	162	2	165	39	279	355	367	721	88	372	24	10	319	102	—	—	—	—	—	—
2013	22	AAA MLE	3 teams	—	651	614	148	21	5	6	32	150	0	99	18	241	280	321	600	80	305	23	5	260	62	—	—	—	—	—	—
2014	23	MLB MLE	Cincinnati Reds	—	611	571	140	25	8	6	34	117	1	56	23	245	293	349	641	103	304	19	6	282	77	—	—	—	—	—	—
2015	24	MLB MLE	Cincinnati Reds	—	454	422	93	8	3	4	28	75	1	57	8	220	277	282	559	62	264	17	6	249	54	—	—	—	—	—	—
2016	25	MLB MLE	Cincinnati Reds	—	460	420	107	19	3	3	36	93	1	58	8	255	321	336	657	81	329	20	8	292	84	—	—	—	—	—	—
2017	26	MLB MLE	Cincinnati Reds	—	633	584	143	17	11	4	44	133	0	59	13	245	299	332	631	87	313	21	7	281	77	—	—	—	—	—	—
2018	27	MLB MLE	Cincinnati Reds	—	556	504	119	16	9	4	46	132	1	34	10	236	301	327	629	91	309	24	8	280	76	—	—	—	—	—	—
2019	28	MLB MLE	Atlanta Braves	—	353	319	69	14	2	0	31	87	0	22	6	216	287	273	560	56	299	25	9	257	60	—	—	—	—	—	—
2020	29	MLB MLE	Chicago Cubs	—	36	34	4	0	0	1	2	7	0	6	2	118	176	206	382	88	120	19	6	174	4	—	—	—	—	—	—
2021	30	MLB MLE	2 teams	—	156	150	31	9	3	2	5	56	0	10	0	207	237	347	584	140	316	36	3	248	54	—	—	—	—	—	—
2022	31	AAA MLE	2 teams	—	129	120	15	3	0	0	8	50	0	15	1	125	180	150	330	25	210	39	6	156	-8	—	—	—	—	—	—
2023	32	AAA MLE	Durham Bulls	—	113	102	14	2	1	1	9	42	1	8	0	137	218	206	424	69	215	37	8	189	14	—	—	—	—	—	—
▸ Career Totals
▸ Career totals — MLB only (actual + projected)
Career	—	A+C		—	3283	2986	713	109	39	24	230	707	4	324	72	239	294	326	620	87	303	22	7	276	54	-106	+36	+73	+13	+71	8.8
/ 162G	—	A+C		—	650	591	142	22	8	5	46	140	1	64	14	240	297	330	627	90	304	22	7	276	54	-21	+7	+14	+2	+14	1.7
Career	—	MLE		—	6436	5865	1378	204	82	39	454	1537	13	815	168	235	291	318	609	83	310	24	7	248	54	-106	+36	+73	+13	+71	8.8
/ 162G	—	MLE		—	650	592	139	21	8	4	46	155	1	82	17	235	291	318	608	83	310	24	7	248	54	-21	+7	+14	+2	+14	1.7

How the minor-league lines were translated

One row per minor-league stint. Open a row to see each step: the raw rate, the park adjustment, the league/level factor, the age adjustment (hitters) and the resulting MLE rate. Factors are the same ones listed on the MLE Factors page.

2023 AAADurham Bulls · 113 PAwOBA .252 → .189 (−63)K% 31.0% → 36.9%

Component	Raw	Park ÷	Level factor ×	GB/FB ×	Age ×	= MLE
K% /PA	30.97%	÷1.009	×1.200	—	—	36.85%
BB% (unintentional) /PA	12.39%	÷1.011	×0.690	—	×0.942	7.96%
HBP% /PA	0.88%	—	×0.940	—	×0.942	0.78%
Singles /BIP	20.00%	÷1.006	×0.930	×0.950	×0.942	16.54%
Doubles /BIP	5.00%	÷1.020	×0.830	×0.950	×0.942	3.64%
Triples /BIP	1.67%	÷1.003	×0.970	×0.950	×0.942	1.44%
Home runs /BIP	1.67%	÷1.137	×0.700	—	×0.942	0.97%

Factors used: league row International League. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 127, 1B 101, 2B 104, 3B 101, K 102, BB 102 — applied at half strength. Age: age 33 vs a level average of 27.2 → −5.8% on BB/HBP/hit rates (5.8 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.950.

Result: wOBA .252 → .189; ISO .084 → .061; BABIP .267 → .215. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).

2022 AAASt. Paul Saints · 106 PAwOBA .228 → .168 (−60)K% 29.2% → 35.8%

Component	Raw	Park ÷	Level factor ×	GB/FB ×	Age ×	= MLE
K% /PA	29.25%	÷0.981	×1.200	—	—	35.76%
BB% (unintentional) /PA	9.43%	÷1.012	×0.690	—	×0.952	6.12%
HBP% /PA	0.00%	—	×0.940	—	×0.952	0.00%
Singles /BIP	21.54%	÷1.000	×0.930	×0.966	×0.952	18.43%
Doubles /BIP	6.15%	÷1.079	×0.830	×0.966	×0.952	4.36%
Triples /BIP	0.00%	÷1.150	×0.970	×0.966	×0.952	0.00%
Home runs /BIP	0.00%	÷0.881	×0.700	—	×0.952	0.00%

Factors used: league row International League. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 76, 1B 100, 2B 116, 3B 130, K 96, BB 102 — applied at half strength. Age: age 32 vs a level average of 27.2 → −4.8% on BB/HBP/hit rates (4.8 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.966.

Result: wOBA .228 → .168; ISO .042 → .028; BABIP .277 → .228. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).

2021 AAACharlotte Knights · 21 PAwOBA .209 → .151 (−58)K% 38.1% → 45.2%

Component	Raw	Park ÷	Level factor ×	GB/FB ×	Age ×	= MLE
K% /PA	38.10%	÷1.011	×1.200	—	—	45.22%
BB% (unintentional) /PA	9.52%	÷1.053	×0.690	—	×0.962	6.00%
HBP% /PA	0.00%	—	×0.940	—	×0.962	0.00%
Singles /BIP	18.18%	÷0.986	×0.930	—	×0.962	16.49%
Doubles /BIP	9.09%	÷1.128	×0.830	—	×0.962	6.43%
Triples /BIP	0.00%	÷1.020	×0.920	—	×0.962	0.00%
Home runs /BIP	0.00%	÷1.190	×0.700	—	×0.962	0.00%

Factors used: level-wide AAA factors (no league-specific row for this league/era). Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 138, 1B 97, 2B 126, 3B 104, K 102, BB 111 — applied at half strength. Age: age 31 vs a level average of 27.2 → −3.8% on BB/HBP/hit rates (3.8 yr older than average).

Result: wOBA .209 → .151; ISO .053 → .035; BABIP .273 → .229. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).

2013 AAALouisville Bats · 547 PAwOBA .285 → .255 (−30)K% 18.6% → 23.3%

Component	Raw	Park ÷	Level factor ×	GB/FB ×	Age ×	= MLE
K% /PA	18.65%	÷0.961	×1.200	—	—	23.28%
BB% (unintentional) /PA	6.95%	÷1.075	×0.690	—	×1.050	4.68%
HBP% /PA	0.00%	—	×0.940	—	×1.050	0.00%
Singles /BIP	25.12%	÷1.000	×0.930	×0.996	×1.050	24.43%
Doubles /BIP	4.48%	÷0.960	×0.830	×0.996	×1.050	4.05%
Triples /BIP	1.00%	÷0.900	×0.970	×0.996	×1.050	1.12%
Home runs /BIP	1.49%	÷1.038	×0.840	—	×1.050	1.27%

Factors used: league row IL. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 108, 1B 100, 2B 92, 3B 80, K 92, BB 115 — applied at half strength. Age: age 23 vs a level average of 27.2 → +5.0% on BB/HBP/hit rates (4.2 yr younger than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.996.

Result: wOBA .285 → .255; ISO .087 → .079; BABIP .310 → .299. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).

2012 A+Bakersfield Blaze · 392 PAwOBA .372 → .314 (−58)K% 17.9% → 24.0%

Component	Raw	Park ÷	Level factor ×	GB/FB ×	Age ×	= MLE
K% /PA	17.86%	÷0.999	×1.340	—	—	23.96%
BB% (unintentional) /PA	12.50%	÷0.977	×0.710	—	×1.012	9.19%
HBP% /PA	0.51%	—	×0.790	—	×1.012	0.41%
Singles /BIP	30.34%	÷0.976	×0.910	×0.986	×1.012	28.25%
Doubles /BIP	6.74%	÷0.970	×0.820	×0.986	×1.012	5.69%
Triples /BIP	3.37%	÷0.900	×0.760	×0.986	×1.012	2.84%
Home runs /BIP	0.37%	÷1.216	×0.920	—	×1.012	0.29%

Factors used: league row CAL. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 143, 1B 95, 2B 94, 3B 80, K 100, BB 95 — applied at half strength. Age: age 22 vs a level average of 22.8 → +1.2% on BB/HBP/hit rates (0.8 yr younger than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.986.

Result: wOBA .372 → .314; ISO .116 → .095; BABIP .404 → .367. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).

2012 AAPensacola Blue Wahoos · 213 PAwOBA .352 → .328 (−23)K% 20.2% → 23.9%

Component	Raw	Park ÷	Level factor ×	GB/FB ×	Age ×	= MLE
K% /PA	20.19%	÷1.029	×1.220	—	—	23.94%
BB% (unintentional) /PA	16.43%	÷1.016	×0.680	—	×1.042	11.46%
HBP% /PA	0.00%	—	×0.840	—	×1.042	0.00%
Singles /BIP	30.30%	÷0.960	×0.920	×1.044	×1.042	31.58%
Doubles /BIP	3.03%	÷0.940	×0.910	×1.044	×1.042	3.19%
Triples /BIP	3.79%	÷1.026	×0.880	×1.044	×1.042	3.53%
Home runs /BIP	0.76%	÷1.569	×0.800	—	×1.042	0.40%

Factors used: league row SL. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 214, 1B 92, 2B 88, 3B 105, K 106, BB 103 — applied at half strength. Age: age 22 vs a level average of 24.8 → +4.2% on BB/HBP/hit rates (2.8 yr younger than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×1.044.

Result: wOBA .352 → .328; ISO .097 → .090; BABIP .371 → .382. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).

2011 ADayton Dragons · 610 PAwOBA .309 → .254 (−55)K% 21.8% → 29.7%

Component	Raw	Park ÷	Level factor ×	GB/FB ×	Age ×	= MLE
K% /PA	21.80%	÷0.997	×1.360	—	—	29.74%
BB% (unintentional) /PA	8.52%	÷0.999	×0.690	—	×1.015	5.98%
HBP% /PA	0.16%	—	×0.780	—	×1.015	0.13%
Singles /BIP	29.50%	÷0.985	×0.920	×1.003	×1.015	28.05%
Doubles /BIP	4.32%	÷1.015	×0.830	×1.003	×1.015	3.59%
Triples /BIP	2.16%	÷1.150	×0.910	×1.003	×1.015	1.74%
Home runs /BIP	0.72%	÷1.221	×0.800	—	×1.015	0.48%

Factors used: level-wide A factors (no league-specific row for this league/era). Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 144, 1B 97, 2B 103, 3B 130, K 99, BB 100 — applied at half strength. Age: age 21 vs a level average of 22.0 → +1.5% on BB/HBP/hit rates (1.0 yr younger than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×1.003.

Result: wOBA .309 → .254; ISO .082 → .061; BABIP .360 → .333. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).

2010 ROKBillings Mustangs · 316 PAwOBA .365 → .261 (−104)K% 17.7% → 25.5%

Component	Raw	Park ÷	Level factor ×	GB/FB ×	Age ×	= MLE
K% /PA	17.72%	÷1.000	×1.440	—	—	25.52%
BB% (unintentional) /PA	8.86%	÷1.000	×0.610	—	×0.995	5.38%
HBP% /PA	0.95%	—	×0.720	—	×0.995	0.68%
Singles /BIP	28.63%	÷1.000	×0.820	×0.995	×0.995	23.25%
Doubles /BIP	5.73%	÷1.000	×0.720	×0.995	×0.995	4.08%
Triples /BIP	4.41%	÷1.000	×0.720	×0.995	×0.995	3.14%
Home runs /BIP	0.88%	÷1.000	×0.750	—	×0.995	0.66%

Factors used: league row PIO. Park (home-season share, regressed): no park row on file (treated as neutral) — applied at half strength. Age: age 20 vs a level average of 19.5 → −0.5% on BB/HBP/hit rates (0.5 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.995.

Result: wOBA .365 → .261; ISO .138 → .094; BABIP .388 → .304. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).

Not traceable per stint: some stints lack the counting stats the component translation needs. Level-wide factors that apply instead — .