Kenny Piper
C Montgomery Biscuits| Year | Age | Lvl / Team | PA | AVG/OBP/SLG | HR | SB | wRC+ | WAR | MLE AVG/OBP/SLG |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 26 | AAA/AATB | 358 | .208/.309/.383 | 12 | 5 | 48 | — | .166/.244/.294 |
| 2025 | 27 | AAA/AA/INTL2 orgs | 311 | .189/.298/.333 | 9 | 12 | 40 | — | .147/.236/.244 |
| 2026 | 28 | AAA/AATB | 307 | .265/.372/.504 | 12 | 13 | 85 | — | .213/.296/.394 |
| 2027PROJ10% MLB | 29 | MLBTB | 13 | .187/.266/.326 | 0 | 0 | 68 | 0.0 | |
| 2028PROJ27% MLB | 30 | MLBTB | 54 | .187/.265/.323 | 1 | 1 | 66 | -0.0 |
Tools · ContractCON 30 / POW 55
Career Stats + Projections
Methodology▸ how these numbers are built
All seasons translated to park-neutral MLB-equivalent (MLE) and combined per year. 2027 = full-season projection (no games played yet). 2028+ via Advanced Marcel + aging curve. Catcher framing: only 2027 Statcast framing is modeled (Baseball Savant server-caches the leaderboard to the current season); prior-year framing is unmodeled — projections for established framers may run 1-3 WAR low.
| Year | Age | Lvl | Team | MLB% | PA | AB | H | 2B | 3B | HR | BB | SO | HBP | SB | CS | AVG | OBP | SLG | OPS | ISO | BABIP | K% | BB% | wOBA | wRC+ | BAT | RUN | FLD | POS | REP | WAR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ▸ Career — actual stats, one row per stint (as recorded, no adjustments) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 23 | ROK | FCL Rays | — | 20 | 15 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 533 | 632 | 867 | 1.498 | 333 | 500 | 5 | 10 | 602 | 229 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 24 | A | Charleston RiverDogs | — | 177 | 141 | 29 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 31 | 40 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 206 | 360 | 362 | 722 | 156 | 247 | 23 | 18 | 331 | 54 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 25 | AA | Montgomery Biscuits | — | 95 | 82 | 24 | 5 | 0 | 7 | 8 | 28 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 293 | 389 | 610 | 999 | 317 | 362 | 29 | 8 | 433 | 107 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 25 | A+ | Bowling Green Hot Rods | — | 270 | 227 | 49 | 12 | 2 | 13 | 29 | 65 | 12 | 3 | 1 | 216 | 336 | 458 | 794 | 242 | 238 | 24 | 11 | 351 | 49 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | 26 | AAA | Durham Bulls | — | 115 | 101 | 19 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 11 | 33 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 188 | 281 | 386 | 667 | 198 | 219 | 29 | 10 | 297 | 36 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | 26 | AA | Montgomery Biscuits | — | 243 | 207 | 45 | 9 | 2 | 7 | 27 | 72 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 217 | 322 | 382 | 704 | 164 | 288 | 30 | 11 | 314 | 53 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 27 | AAA | Durham Bulls | — | 185 | 157 | 30 | 5 | 0 | 8 | 20 | 56 | 5 | 9 | 0 | 191 | 302 | 376 | 678 | 185 | 229 | 30 | 11 | 303 | 37 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 27 | AA | Montgomery Biscuits | — | 61 | 51 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 15 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 176 | 300 | 275 | 575 | 98 | 222 | 25 | 13 | 269 | 32 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 27 | INTL | Gigantes del Cibao | — | 65 | 56 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 23 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 196 | 286 | 268 | 554 | 71 | 324 | 35 | 8 | 252 | 57 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 28 | AAA | Durham Bulls | — | 30 | 25 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 280 | 400 | 480 | 880 | 200 | 353 | 23 | 13 | 393 | 95 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 28 | AA | Montgomery Biscuits | — | 277 | 235 | 62 | 22 | 1 | 11 | 33 | 73 | 6 | 11 | 2 | 264 | 369 | 506 | 875 | 243 | 333 | 26 | 12 | 381 | 84 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| ▸ Career — adjusted (every ACTUAL line translated to park/league-neutral MLB equivalents) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 23 | ROK MLE | FCL Rays | — | 20 | 16 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 500 | 579 | 812 | 1.391 | 312 | 382 | 5 | 5 | 506 | 229 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 24 | A MLE | Charleston RiverDogs | — | 177 | 151 | 24 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 21 | 55 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 159 | 274 | 278 | 552 | 119 | 208 | 31 | 12 | 248 | 54 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 25 | AA MLE | Montgomery Biscuits | — | 95 | 85 | 20 | 4 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 33 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 235 | 316 | 459 | 775 | 224 | 311 | 35 | 5 | 326 | 107 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 25 | A+ MLE | Bowling Green Hot Rods | — | 270 | 240 | 36 | 8 | 1 | 10 | 16 | 90 | 12 | 3 | 1 | 150 | 239 | 317 | 555 | 167 | 178 | 33 | 6 | 241 | 49 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | 26 | AAA MLE | Durham Bulls | — | 115 | 104 | 15 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 8 | 39 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 144 | 219 | 269 | 489 | 125 | 187 | 34 | 7 | 222 | 36 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | 26 | AA MLE | Montgomery Biscuits | — | 243 | 216 | 38 | 8 | 1 | 6 | 18 | 88 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 176 | 255 | 306 | 561 | 130 | 244 | 36 | 7 | 246 | 53 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 27 | AAA MLE | Durham Bulls | — | 185 | 163 | 24 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 14 | 64 | 5 | 9 | 0 | 147 | 236 | 245 | 482 | 98 | 200 | 35 | 8 | 223 | 37 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 27 | AA MLE | Montgomery Biscuits | — | 61 | 54 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 18 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 148 | 233 | 241 | 474 | 93 | 193 | 30 | 8 | 216 | 32 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 28 | AAA MLE | Durham Bulls | — | 30 | 26 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 269 | 367 | 462 | 828 | 192 | 308 | 27 | 10 | 308 | 95 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 28 | AA MLE | Montgomery Biscuits | — | 277 | 246 | 51 | 18 | 1 | 8 | 22 | 89 | 6 | 11 | 2 | 207 | 288 | 386 | 675 | 179 | 276 | 32 | 8 | 292 | 84 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 23 | ROK MLE | FCL Rays | — | 20 | 16 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 500 | 579 | 812 | 1.391 | 312 | 467 | 5 | 5 | 506 | 229 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 23 | ROK RAW | FCL Rays | — | 20 | 15 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 533 | 632 | 867 | 1.498 | 333 | 500 | 5 | 10 | 602 | 229 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 24 | A MLE | Charleston RiverDogs | — | 177 | 151 | 24 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 21 | 55 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 159 | 274 | 278 | 552 | 119 | 215 | 31 | 12 | 248 | 54 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 24 | A RAW | Charleston RiverDogs | — | 177 | 141 | 29 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 31 | 40 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 206 | 360 | 362 | 722 | 156 | 247 | 23 | 18 | 331 | 54 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 25 | A+ MLE | 2 teams | — | 365 | 325 | 56 | 12 | 1 | 15 | 21 | 123 | 17 | 3 | 1 | 172 | 259 | 354 | 613 | 182 | 217 | 34 | 6 | 263 | 64 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 25 | A+ RAW | 2 teams | — | 365 | 309 | 73 | 17 | 2 | 20 | 37 | 93 | 17 | 3 | 1 | 236 | 350 | 498 | 848 | 262 | 268 | 25 | 10 | 372 | 64 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | 26 | AA MLE | 2 teams | — | 358 | 320 | 53 | 12 | 1 | 9 | 26 | 127 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 166 | 244 | 294 | 537 | 128 | 233 | 35 | 7 | 238 | 47 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | 26 | AA RAW | 2 teams | — | 358 | 308 | 64 | 14 | 2 | 12 | 38 | 105 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 208 | 309 | 383 | 692 | 175 | 265 | 29 | 11 | 308 | 47 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 27 | AAA MLE | 3 teams | — | 311 | 273 | 41 | 8 | 0 | 6 | 24 | 103 | 8 | 12 | 0 | 150 | 239 | 245 | 485 | 95 | 207 | 33 | 8 | 221 | 36 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 27 | AAA RAW | 3 teams | — | 311 | 264 | 50 | 9 | 1 | 9 | 33 | 94 | 8 | 12 | 0 | 189 | 298 | 333 | 632 | 144 | 247 | 30 | 11 | 286 | 36 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 28 | AA MLE | 2 teams | — | 307 | 273 | 57 | 20 | 1 | 9 | 24 | 98 | 7 | 13 | 3 | 209 | 289 | 388 | 678 | 179 | 286 | 32 | 8 | 294 | 85 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 28 | AA RAW | 2 teams | — | 307 | 260 | 69 | 24 | 1 | 12 | 37 | 80 | 7 | 13 | 3 | 265 | 372 | 504 | 876 | 238 | 335 | 26 | 12 | 382 | 85 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 23 | ROK MLE | FCL Rays | — | 20 | 17 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 471 | 579 | 765 | 1.344 | 294 | 382 | 5 | 5 | 506 | 229 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 24 | A MLE | Charleston RiverDogs | — | 177 | 151 | 24 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 21 | 55 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 159 | 274 | 278 | 552 | 119 | 208 | 31 | 12 | 248 | 54 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 25 | A+ MLE | 2 teams | — | 365 | 324 | 56 | 12 | 1 | 15 | 21 | 123 | 17 | 3 | 1 | 173 | 259 | 355 | 614 | 182 | 213 | 34 | 6 | 263 | 64 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | 26 | AA MLE | 2 teams | — | 358 | 322 | 53 | 12 | 1 | 9 | 26 | 127 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 165 | 244 | 292 | 536 | 127 | 226 | 35 | 7 | 238 | 47 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 27 | AAA MLE | 3 teams | — | 311 | 276 | 41 | 8 | 0 | 6 | 24 | 103 | 8 | 12 | 0 | 149 | 239 | 243 | 482 | 94 | 198 | 33 | 8 | 221 | 36 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 28 | AA MLE | 2 teams | — | 307 | 273 | 57 | 20 | 1 | 9 | 24 | 98 | 7 | 13 | 3 | 209 | 289 | 388 | 678 | 179 | 279 | 32 | 8 | 294 | 85 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| ▸ Model inputs — neutral MLE (past 3 seasons) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 26 | AA MLE | 2 teams | — | 358 | 322 | 53 | 12 | 1 | 9 | 26 | 127 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 165 | 244 | 292 | 536 | 127 | 226 | 35 | 7 | 238 | 47 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 27 | AAA MLE | 3 teams | — | 311 | 276 | 41 | 8 | 0 | 6 | 24 | 103 | 8 | 12 | 0 | 149 | 239 | 243 | 482 | 94 | 198 | 33 | 8 | 221 | 36 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 28 | AA MLE | 2 teams | — | 307 | 273 | 57 | 20 | 1 | 9 | 24 | 98 | 7 | 13 | 3 | 209 | 289 | 388 | 678 | 179 | 279 | 32 | 8 | 294 | 85 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| ▸ 2027 season | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ▸ 2027 — full MLE projection (neutral park, full availability) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | 29 | MLB MLE | TB | 10% | 352 | 315 | 58 | 15 | 1 | 9 | 27 | 109 | 7 | 9 | 1 | 187 | 265 | 329 | 594 | 143 | 247 | 31 | 8 | 268 | 68 | -14 | +1 | +0 | +6 | +8 | 0.1 |
| ▸ 2027 — real world (MLB) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | 29 | MLB CTX | TB | 10% | 13 | 12 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187 | 266 | 326 | 592 | 140 | 249 | 31 | 8 | 267 | 68 | -1 | +0 | +0 | +0 | +0 | 0.0 |
| ▸ Career projection (2028+) — MLB context, MLB playing time (PA × MLB%) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2028 | 30 | MLB MLE | TB | 27% | 197 | 176 | 33 | 8 | 1 | 5 | 15 | 61 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 186 | 264 | 325 | 590 | 139 | 248 | 31 | 8 | 266 | 66 | -8 | +0 | -2 | +4 | +4 | -0.2 |
| 2028 | 30 | MLB CTX | TB | 27% | 54 | 49 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 17 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 187 | 265 | 323 | 588 | 136 | 249 | 31 | 7 | 266 | 66 | -2 | +0 | -1 | +1 | +1 | -0.0 |
| ▸ Career Totals | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ▸ Career totals — MLB only (actual + projected) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Career | — | A+C | — | 54 | 49 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 17 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 163 | 241 | 265 | 506 | 102 | 226 | 31 | 7 | 266 | 61 | -2 | +0 | -1 | +1 | +1 | -0.0 | |
| / 162G | — | A+C | — | 650 | 590 | 96 | 24 | 0 | 12 | 48 | 205 | 12 | 12 | 0 | 163 | 240 | 264 | 504 | 102 | 225 | 32 | 7 | 266 | 61 | -26 | +2 | -7 | +12 | +14 | -0.5 | |
| Career | — | MLE | — | 1865 | 1651 | 293 | 72 | 5 | 52 | 142 | 608 | 50 | 49 | 9 | 177 | 263 | 322 | 585 | 144 | 239 | 33 | 8 | 258 | 61 | -13 | +1 | -2 | +6 | +7 | -0.1 | |
| / 162G | — | MLE | — | 650 | 575 | 102 | 25 | 2 | 18 | 49 | 212 | 17 | 17 | 3 | 177 | 261 | 322 | 583 | 144 | 239 | 33 | 8 | 258 | 61 | -26 | +1 | -4 | +12 | +14 | -0.3 | |
How the minor-league lines were translated
One row per minor-league stint. Open a row to see each step: the raw rate, the park adjustment, the league/level factor, the age adjustment (hitters) and the resulting MLE rate. Factors are the same ones listed on the MLE Factors page.
2026 AAMontgomery Biscuits · 277 PAwOBA .374 → .292 (−81)K% 26.4% → 32.2%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 26.35% | ÷1.000 | ×1.220 | — | — | 32.15% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 11.91% | ÷1.000 | ×0.680 | — | ×0.968 | 7.84% |
| HBP% /PA | 2.17% | — | ×0.840 | — | ×0.968 | 1.76% |
| Singles /BIP | 17.28% | ÷1.000 | ×0.920 | ×0.950 | ×0.968 | 14.62% |
| Doubles /BIP | 13.58% | ÷1.000 | ×0.910 | ×0.950 | ×0.968 | 11.36% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.62% | ÷1.000 | ×0.880 | ×0.950 | ×0.968 | 0.50% |
| Home runs /BIP | 6.79% | ÷1.000 | ×0.800 | — | ×0.968 | 5.26% |
Factors used: league row SL. Park (home-season share, regressed): no park row on file (treated as neutral) — applied at half strength. Age: age 28 vs a level average of 24.8 → −3.2% on BB/HBP/hit rates (3.2 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.950.
Result: wOBA .374 → .292; ISO .243 → .193; BABIP .333 → .276. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2026 AAADurham Bulls · 30 PAwOBA .383 → .308 (−76)K% 23.3% → 28.0%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 23.33% | ÷1.000 | ×1.200 | — | — | 28.00% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 13.33% | ÷1.000 | ×0.690 | — | ×0.992 | 9.13% |
| HBP% /PA | 3.33% | — | ×0.940 | — | ×0.992 | 3.11% |
| Singles /BIP | 22.22% | ÷1.000 | ×0.930 | — | ×0.992 | 20.50% |
| Doubles /BIP | 11.11% | ÷1.000 | ×0.830 | — | ×0.992 | 9.15% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.00% | ÷1.000 | ×0.970 | — | ×0.992 | 0.00% |
| Home runs /BIP | 5.56% | ÷1.000 | ×0.700 | — | ×0.992 | 3.86% |
Factors used: league row International League. Park (home-season share, regressed): no park row on file (treated as neutral) — applied at half strength. Age: age 28 vs a level average of 27.2 → −0.8% on BB/HBP/hit rates (0.8 yr older than average).
Result: wOBA .383 → .308; ISO .200 → .149; BABIP .353 → .308. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2025 AAADurham Bulls · 185 PAwOBA .300 → .223 (−77)K% 30.3% → 34.4%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 30.27% | ÷1.057 | ×1.200 | — | — | 34.36% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 10.81% | ÷1.030 | ×0.690 | — | ×1.003 | 7.27% |
| HBP% /PA | 2.70% | — | ×0.940 | — | ×1.003 | 2.55% |
| Singles /BIP | 16.83% | ÷0.956 | ×0.930 | ×0.950 | ×1.003 | 15.61% |
| Doubles /BIP | 4.95% | ÷0.940 | ×0.830 | ×0.950 | ×1.003 | 4.16% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.00% | ÷0.900 | ×0.970 | ×0.950 | ×1.003 | 0.00% |
| Home runs /BIP | 7.92% | ÷1.380 | ×0.700 | — | ×1.003 | 4.03% |
Factors used: league row International League. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 176, 1B 91, 2B 88, 3B 80, K 111, BB 106 — applied at half strength. Age: age 27 vs a level average of 27.2 → +0.3% on BB/HBP/hit rates (0.2 yr younger than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.950.
Result: wOBA .300 → .223; ISO .185 → .107; BABIP .229 → .200. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2025 AAMontgomery Biscuits · 61 PAwOBA .267 → .216 (−51)K% 24.6% → 29.7%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 24.59% | ÷1.010 | ×1.220 | — | — | 29.70% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 13.11% | ÷0.988 | ×0.680 | — | ×0.978 | 8.83% |
| HBP% /PA | 1.64% | — | ×0.840 | — | ×0.978 | 1.35% |
| Singles /BIP | 16.67% | ÷1.045 | ×0.920 | — | ×0.978 | 14.35% |
| Doubles /BIP | 5.56% | ÷0.976 | ×0.910 | — | ×0.978 | 5.07% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.00% | ÷1.150 | ×0.880 | — | ×0.978 | 0.00% |
| Home runs /BIP | 2.78% | ÷0.922 | ×0.800 | — | ×0.978 | 2.36% |
Factors used: league row SL. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 84, 1B 109, 2B 95, 3B 130, K 102, BB 98 — applied at half strength. Age: age 27 vs a level average of 24.8 → −2.2% on BB/HBP/hit rates (2.2 yr older than average).
Result: wOBA .267 → .216; ISO .098 → .087; BABIP .222 → .193. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2024 AAMontgomery Biscuits · 243 PAwOBA .311 → .246 (−65)K% 29.6% → 36.2%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 29.63% | ÷0.999 | ×1.220 | — | — | 36.19% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 11.11% | ÷1.022 | ×0.680 | — | ×0.988 | 7.30% |
| HBP% /PA | 2.06% | — | ×0.840 | — | ×0.988 | 1.71% |
| Singles /BIP | 20.00% | ÷1.008 | ×0.920 | ×0.950 | ×0.988 | 17.13% |
| Doubles /BIP | 6.67% | ÷0.972 | ×0.910 | ×0.950 | ×0.988 | 5.86% |
| Triples /BIP | 1.48% | ÷1.115 | ×0.880 | ×0.950 | ×0.988 | 1.10% |
| Home runs /BIP | 5.19% | ÷0.958 | ×0.800 | — | ×0.988 | 4.28% |
Factors used: league row SL. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 92, 1B 102, 2B 94, 3B 123, K 100, BB 104 — applied at half strength. Age: age 26 vs a level average of 24.8 → −1.2% on BB/HBP/hit rates (1.2 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.950.
Result: wOBA .311 → .246; ISO .164 → .134; BABIP .288 → .244. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2024 AAADurham Bulls · 115 PAwOBA .291 → .222 (−69)K% 28.7% → 33.9%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 28.70% | ÷1.014 | ×1.200 | — | — | 33.95% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 9.57% | ÷0.971 | ×0.690 | — | ×1.018 | 6.92% |
| HBP% /PA | 1.74% | — | ×0.940 | — | ×1.018 | 1.66% |
| Singles /BIP | 13.24% | ÷0.985 | ×0.930 | ×0.950 | ×1.018 | 12.08% |
| Doubles /BIP | 7.35% | ÷0.994 | ×0.830 | ×0.950 | ×1.018 | 5.94% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.00% | ÷0.900 | ×0.970 | ×0.950 | ×1.018 | 0.00% |
| Home runs /BIP | 7.35% | ÷1.061 | ×0.700 | — | ×1.018 | 4.94% |
Factors used: league row International League. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 112, 1B 97, 2B 99, 3B 80, K 103, BB 94 — applied at half strength. Age: age 26 vs a level average of 27.2 → +1.8% on BB/HBP/hit rates (1.2 yr younger than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.950.
Result: wOBA .291 → .222; ISO .198 → .136; BABIP .219 → .187. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2023 A+Bowling Green Hot Rods · 270 PAwOBA .344 → .241 (−102)K% 24.1% → 33.2%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 24.07% | ÷0.950 | ×1.310 | — | — | 33.19% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 10.74% | ÷1.060 | ×0.600 | — | ×0.978 | 5.94% |
| HBP% /PA | 4.44% | — | ×0.770 | — | ×0.978 | 3.35% |
| Singles /BIP | 13.58% | ÷1.008 | ×0.870 | ×0.950 | ×0.978 | 10.89% |
| Doubles /BIP | 7.41% | ÷1.047 | ×0.780 | ×0.950 | ×0.978 | 5.13% |
| Triples /BIP | 1.23% | ÷1.103 | ×0.850 | ×0.950 | ×0.978 | 0.88% |
| Home runs /BIP | 8.02% | ÷1.066 | ×0.880 | — | ×0.978 | 6.48% |
Factors used: league row South Atlantic League. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 113, 1B 102, 2B 109, 3B 121, K 90, BB 112 — applied at half strength. Age: age 25 vs a level average of 22.8 → −2.2% on BB/HBP/hit rates (2.2 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.950.
Result: wOBA .344 → .241; ISO .242 → .180; BABIP .238 → .178. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2023 AAMontgomery Biscuits · 95 PAwOBA .420 → .326 (−95)K% 29.5% → 35.2%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 29.47% | ÷1.022 | ×1.220 | — | — | 35.20% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 8.42% | ÷1.072 | ×0.680 | — | ×0.998 | 5.33% |
| HBP% /PA | 5.26% | — | ×0.840 | — | ×0.998 | 4.41% |
| Singles /BIP | 22.22% | ÷0.949 | ×0.920 | ×0.950 | ×0.998 | 20.42% |
| Doubles /BIP | 9.26% | ÷1.030 | ×0.910 | ×0.950 | ×0.998 | 7.76% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.00% | ÷1.150 | ×0.880 | ×0.950 | ×0.998 | 0.00% |
| Home runs /BIP | 12.96% | ÷1.087 | ×0.800 | — | ×0.998 | 9.52% |
Factors used: league row SL. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 117, 1B 90, 2B 106, 3B 130, K 104, BB 114 — applied at half strength. Age: age 25 vs a level average of 24.8 → −0.2% on BB/HBP/hit rates (0.2 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.950.
Result: wOBA .420 → .326; ISO .317 → .232; BABIP .362 → .311. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
Not traceable per stint: some stints lack the counting stats the component translation needs. Level-wide factors that apply instead — .