Spencer Horwitz
1B Pittsburgh Pirates| Year | Age | Lvl / Team | PA | AVG/OBP/SLG | HR | SB | wRC+ | WAR | MLE AVG/OBP/SLG |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 26 | AAATOR | 259 | .335/.456/.514 | 4 | 3 | 131 | — | .301/.390/.447 |
| 2024 | 26 | MLBTOR | 381 | .265/.361/.433 | 12 | 0 | 122 | 0.7 | |
| 2025 | 27 | AAA/AAPIT | 51 | .255/.300/.383 | 1 | 0 | 53 | — | .229/.261/.355 |
| 2025 | 27 | MLBPIT | 411 | .272/.354/.434 | 11 | 0 | 124 | 0.9 | |
| 2026 | 28 | MLBPIT | 451 | .244/.348/.364 | 10 | 1 | 107 | 0.6 | |
| 2027PROJ | 29 | MLBPIT | 392 | .248/.343/.390 | 10 | 1 | 111 | 1.0 | |
| 2028PROJ92% MLB | 30 | MLBPIT | 347 | .244/.339/.380 | 8 | 0 | 107 | 0.5 | |
| 2029PROJ92% MLB | 31 | MLBPIT | 330 | .239/.333/.368 | 8 | 0 | 102 | 0.3 |
Tools · Recent Form · Splits · ContractCON 55 / POW 50
Career Stats + Projections
Methodology▸ how these numbers are built
All seasons translated to park-neutral MLB-equivalent (MLE) and combined per year. 2027 = full-season projection (no games played yet). 2028+ via Advanced Marcel + aging curve.
| Year | Age | Lvl | Team | MLB% | PA | AB | H | 2B | 3B | HR | BB | SO | HBP | SB | CS | AVG | OBP | SLG | OPS | ISO | BABIP | K% | BB% | wOBA | wRC+ | BAT | RUN | FLD | POS | REP | WAR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ▸ Career — actual stats, one row per stint (as recorded, no adjustments) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 23 | AA | New Hampshire Fisher Cats | — | 16 | 16 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 375 | 375 | 875 | 1.250 | 500 | 333 | 12 | 0 | 534 | 172 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 23 | A+ | Vancouver Canadians | — | 469 | 389 | 113 | 28 | 1 | 10 | 70 | 66 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 290 | 405 | 445 | 850 | 154 | 324 | 14 | 15 | 379 | 107 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 23 | INTL | Mesa Solar Sox | — | 74 | 64 | 24 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 11 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 375 | 459 | 484 | 944 | 109 | 442 | 15 | 12 | 425 | 174 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 24 | AAA | Buffalo Bisons | — | 202 | 171 | 42 | 14 | 0 | 2 | 30 | 41 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 246 | 361 | 363 | 724 | 117 | 312 | 20 | 15 | 333 | 82 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 24 | AA | New Hampshire Fisher Cats | — | 281 | 232 | 69 | 19 | 1 | 10 | 43 | 54 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 297 | 416 | 517 | 933 | 220 | 347 | 19 | 15 | 409 | 122 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 25 | MLB | Toronto Blue Jays | — | 44 | 39 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 256 | 341 | 385 | 726 | 128 | 346 | 27 | 9 | 330 | 109 | +0 | +0 | +1 | -9 | +1 | -0.8 |
| 2023 | 25 | AAA | Buffalo Bisons | — | 484 | 392 | 132 | 30 | 1 | 10 | 78 | 72 | 8 | 9 | 2 | 337 | 456 | 495 | 951 | 158 | 386 | 15 | 16 | 421 | 126 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | 26 | MLB | Toronto Blue Jays | — | 381 | 328 | 87 | 19 | 0 | 12 | 42 | 70 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 265 | 361 | 433 | 794 | 168 | 300 | 18 | 11 | 353 | 122 | +10 | +0 | -0 | -11 | +8 | 0.7 |
| 2024 | 26 | AAA | Buffalo Bisons | — | 259 | 212 | 71 | 22 | 2 | 4 | 44 | 41 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 335 | 456 | 514 | 970 | 179 | 401 | 16 | 17 | 431 | 131 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 27 | MLB | Pittsburgh Pirates | — | 411 | 364 | 99 | 26 | 0 | 11 | 44 | 73 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 272 | 354 | 434 | 788 | 162 | 313 | 18 | 11 | 352 | 124 | +12 | -0 | -3 | -8 | +9 | 0.9 |
| 2025 | 27 | AAA | Indianapolis Indians | — | 33 | 31 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 323 | 344 | 484 | 828 | 161 | 375 | 21 | 3 | 354 | 88 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 27 | AA | Altoona Curve | — | 18 | 16 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 125 | 222 | 188 | 410 | 62 | 143 | 11 | 11 | 199 | -11 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 28 | MLB | Pittsburgh Pirates | — | 451 | 385 | 94 | 14 | 1 | 10 | 54 | 73 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 244 | 348 | 364 | 711 | 119 | 274 | 16 | 12 | 323 | 107 | +4 | +0 | +0 | -8 | +10 | 0.6 |
| ▸ Career Totals (raw MLB only — historical actual) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MLB Career | — | — | 1287 | 1116 | 290 | 61 | 1 | 34 | 144 | 228 | 17 | 1 | 1 | 260 | 353 | 408 | 761 | 148 | 296 | 18 | 11 | 341 | 117 | +26 | -0 | -2 | -37 | +28 | 1.5 | ||
| ▸ Career — adjusted (every ACTUAL line translated to park/league-neutral MLB equivalents) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 23 | AA MLE | New Hampshire Fisher Cats | — | 16 | 16 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 375 | 375 | 875 | 1.250 | 500 | 287 | 12 | 0 | 423 | 172 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 23 | A+ MLE | Vancouver Canadians | — | 469 | 407 | 105 | 25 | 1 | 9 | 52 | 90 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 258 | 349 | 391 | 740 | 133 | 302 | 19 | 11 | 326 | 107 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 24 | AAA MLE | Buffalo Bisons | — | 202 | 180 | 43 | 13 | 0 | 2 | 21 | 48 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 239 | 322 | 344 | 666 | 106 | 311 | 24 | 10 | 289 | 82 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 24 | AA MLE | New Hampshire Fisher Cats | — | 281 | 243 | 65 | 16 | 1 | 8 | 32 | 65 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 267 | 362 | 440 | 802 | 173 | 327 | 23 | 11 | 349 | 122 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 25 | MLB MLE | Toronto Blue Jays | — | 44 | 39 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 256 | 341 | 385 | 726 | 128 | 346 | 27 | 9 | 329 | 109 | +0 | +0 | +1 | -9 | +1 | -0.8 |
| 2023 | 25 | AAA MLE | Buffalo Bisons | — | 484 | 416 | 121 | 25 | 1 | 8 | 54 | 89 | 8 | 9 | 2 | 291 | 383 | 413 | 796 | 123 | 340 | 18 | 11 | 354 | 126 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | 26 | MLB MLE | Toronto Blue Jays | — | 381 | 330 | 87 | 19 | 0 | 12 | 40 | 70 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 264 | 355 | 430 | 786 | 167 | 300 | 18 | 10 | 349 | 122 | +10 | +0 | -0 | -11 | +8 | 0.7 |
| 2024 | 26 | AAA MLE | Buffalo Bisons | — | 259 | 226 | 68 | 20 | 2 | 3 | 30 | 49 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 301 | 390 | 447 | 837 | 146 | 370 | 19 | 12 | 362 | 131 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 27 | MLB MLE | Pittsburgh Pirates | — | 411 | 365 | 99 | 25 | 0 | 12 | 43 | 73 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 271 | 351 | 438 | 790 | 167 | 313 | 18 | 10 | 352 | 124 | +12 | -0 | -3 | -8 | +9 | 0.9 |
| 2025 | 27 | AAA MLE | Indianapolis Indians | — | 33 | 31 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 290 | 312 | 452 | 764 | 161 | 332 | 27 | 3 | 298 | 88 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 27 | AA MLE | Altoona Curve | — | 18 | 17 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 118 | 167 | 176 | 343 | 59 | 123 | 17 | 6 | 152 | -11 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 28 | MLB MLE | Pittsburgh Pirates | — | 451 | 385 | 94 | 13 | 1 | 11 | 54 | 73 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 244 | 348 | 369 | 716 | 125 | 274 | 16 | 12 | 326 | 107 | +4 | +0 | +0 | -8 | +10 | 0.6 |
| 2021 | 23 | A+ MLE | 3 teams | — | 559 | 488 | 127 | 31 | 1 | 12 | 60 | 107 | 6 | 8 | 5 | 260 | 348 | 402 | 750 | 141 | 307 | 19 | 11 | 329 | 109 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 23 | A+ RAW | 3 teams | — | 559 | 469 | 143 | 34 | 1 | 13 | 79 | 79 | 6 | 8 | 5 | 305 | 412 | 465 | 876 | 160 | 340 | 14 | 14 | 390 | 109 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 24 | AA MLE | 2 teams | — | 483 | 423 | 107 | 29 | 1 | 9 | 53 | 113 | 5 | 7 | 2 | 253 | 343 | 390 | 733 | 137 | 323 | 23 | 11 | 324 | 105 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 24 | AA RAW | 2 teams | — | 483 | 403 | 111 | 33 | 1 | 12 | 73 | 95 | 5 | 7 | 2 | 275 | 393 | 452 | 845 | 176 | 332 | 20 | 15 | 378 | 105 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 25 | AAA MLE | 2 teams | — | 528 | 455 | 131 | 27 | 1 | 9 | 58 | 101 | 9 | 9 | 2 | 288 | 379 | 411 | 790 | 123 | 348 | 19 | 11 | 352 | 124 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 25 | AAA RAW | 2 teams | — | 528 | 431 | 142 | 32 | 1 | 11 | 82 | 84 | 9 | 9 | 2 | 329 | 446 | 485 | 931 | 155 | 383 | 16 | 16 | 413 | 124 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | 26 | MLB MLE | 2 teams | — | 640 | 556 | 154 | 39 | 2 | 15 | 70 | 119 | 10 | 3 | 3 | 277 | 368 | 435 | 803 | 158 | 326 | 19 | 11 | 354 | 126 | +20 | -1 | -0 | -11 | +14 | 2.2 |
| 2024 | 26 | MLB RAW | 2 teams | — | 640 | 540 | 158 | 41 | 2 | 16 | 86 | 111 | 10 | 3 | 3 | 293 | 399 | 465 | 864 | 172 | 341 | 17 | 13 | 385 | 126 | +20 | -1 | -0 | -11 | +14 | 2.2 |
| 2025 | 27 | MLB MLE | 3 teams | — | 462 | 413 | 110 | 27 | 0 | 13 | 45 | 84 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 266 | 341 | 426 | 767 | 160 | 305 | 18 | 10 | 340 | 116 | +9 | -0 | -3 | -8 | +10 | 0.7 |
| 2025 | 27 | MLB RAW | 3 teams | — | 462 | 411 | 111 | 29 | 0 | 12 | 47 | 82 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 270 | 348 | 428 | 776 | 158 | 310 | 18 | 10 | 346 | 116 | +9 | -0 | -3 | -8 | +10 | 0.7 |
| 2026 | 28 | MLB MLE | Pittsburgh Pirates | — | 451 | 385 | 94 | 13 | 1 | 11 | 54 | 73 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 244 | 348 | 369 | 716 | 125 | 271 | 16 | 12 | 326 | 107 | +4 | +0 | +0 | -8 | +10 | 0.6 |
| 2026 | 28 | MLB RAW | Pittsburgh Pirates | — | 451 | 385 | 94 | 14 | 1 | 10 | 54 | 73 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 244 | 348 | 364 | 711 | 119 | 274 | 16 | 12 | 323 | 107 | +4 | +0 | +0 | -8 | +10 | 0.6 |
| 2021 | 23 | A+ MLE | 3 teams | — | 559 | 488 | 127 | 31 | 1 | 12 | 60 | 107 | 6 | 8 | 5 | 260 | 348 | 402 | 750 | 141 | 302 | 19 | 11 | 329 | 109 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 24 | AA MLE | 2 teams | — | 483 | 422 | 107 | 29 | 1 | 9 | 53 | 113 | 5 | 7 | 2 | 254 | 343 | 391 | 734 | 137 | 320 | 23 | 11 | 324 | 105 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 25 | AAA MLE | 2 teams | — | 528 | 456 | 131 | 27 | 1 | 9 | 58 | 101 | 9 | 9 | 2 | 287 | 379 | 410 | 789 | 123 | 341 | 19 | 11 | 352 | 124 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | 26 | MLB MLE | 2 teams | — | 640 | 555 | 154 | 39 | 2 | 15 | 70 | 119 | 10 | 3 | 3 | 277 | 368 | 436 | 804 | 159 | 328 | 19 | 11 | 354 | 126 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 27 | MLB MLE | 3 teams | — | 462 | 412 | 110 | 27 | 0 | 13 | 45 | 84 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 267 | 341 | 427 | 768 | 160 | 307 | 18 | 10 | 340 | 116 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 28 | MLB MLE | Pittsburgh Pirates | — | 451 | 387 | 94 | 13 | 1 | 11 | 54 | 73 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 243 | 348 | 367 | 714 | 124 | 274 | 16 | 12 | 326 | 107 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| ▸ Model inputs — neutral MLE (past 3 seasons) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 26 | MLB MLE | 2 teams | — | 640 | 555 | 154 | 39 | 2 | 15 | 70 | 119 | 10 | 3 | 3 | 277 | 368 | 436 | 804 | 159 | 328 | 19 | 11 | 354 | 126 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 | 27 | MLB MLE | 3 teams | — | 462 | 412 | 110 | 27 | 0 | 13 | 45 | 84 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 267 | 341 | 427 | 768 | 160 | 307 | 18 | 10 | 340 | 116 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2026 | 28 | MLB MLE | Pittsburgh Pirates | — | 451 | 387 | 94 | 13 | 1 | 11 | 54 | 73 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 243 | 348 | 367 | 714 | 124 | 274 | 16 | 12 | 326 | 107 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| ▸ 2027 season | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ▸ 2027 — full MLE projection (neutral park, full availability) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | 29 | MLB MLE | PIT | 100% | 477 | 414 | 103 | 20 | 1 | 13 | 54 | 82 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 249 | 344 | 396 | 740 | 146 | 280 | 17 | 11 | 332 | 111 | +6 | +0 | +4 | -9 | +10 | 1.0 |
| ▸ 2027 — real world (MLB) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | 29 | MLB CTX | PIT | 100% | 392 | 340 | 85 | 17 | 1 | 10 | 44 | 67 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 248 | 343 | 390 | 733 | 141 | 281 | 17 | 11 | 330 | 111 | +5 | -0 | +3 | -7 | +8 | 1.0 |
| ▸ Career projection (2028+) — MLB context, MLB playing time (PA × MLB%) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2028 | 30 | MLB MLE | PIT | 92% | 377 | 327 | 80 | 15 | 1 | 10 | 42 | 66 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 245 | 340 | 386 | 726 | 140 | 277 | 18 | 11 | 327 | 107 | +3 | +0 | +1 | -7 | +8 | 0.6 |
| 2029 | 31 | MLB MLE | PIT | 92% | 359 | 312 | 74 | 14 | 0 | 9 | 40 | 64 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 240 | 334 | 373 | 707 | 134 | 273 | 18 | 11 | 320 | 102 | +1 | +0 | +0 | -6 | +8 | 0.3 |
| 2028 | 30 | MLB CTX | PIT | 92% | 347 | 301 | 74 | 15 | 1 | 8 | 39 | 61 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 244 | 339 | 380 | 719 | 136 | 278 | 18 | 11 | 325 | 107 | +3 | +0 | +1 | -6 | +8 | 0.5 |
| 2029 | 31 | MLB CTX | PIT | 92% | 330 | 286 | 69 | 14 | 0 | 8 | 37 | 59 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 239 | 333 | 368 | 701 | 129 | 274 | 18 | 11 | 317 | 102 | +1 | +0 | +0 | -6 | +7 | 0.3 |
| ▸ Career Totals | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ▸ Career totals — MLB only (actual + projected) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Career | — | A+C | — | 1964 | 1703 | 433 | 90 | 2 | 50 | 220 | 348 | 25 | 1 | 1 | 254 | 348 | 398 | 746 | 143 | 290 | 18 | 11 | 334 | 113 | +30 | -0 | -1 | -49 | +43 | 2.3 | |
| / 162G | — | A+C | — | 650 | 564 | 144 | 30 | 1 | 17 | 73 | 115 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 255 | 349 | 402 | 752 | 147 | 291 | 18 | 11 | 334 | 113 | +10 | -0 | -0 | -16 | +14 | 0.7 | |
| Career | — | MLE | — | 4251 | 3699 | 961 | 211 | 8 | 98 | 466 | 794 | 53 | 29 | 14 | 260 | 351 | 401 | 752 | 141 | 304 | 19 | 11 | 335 | 113 | +36 | -0 | +2 | -57 | +52 | 3.3 | |
| / 162G | — | MLE | — | 650 | 566 | 146 | 32 | 1 | 15 | 71 | 121 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 258 | 349 | 398 | 746 | 140 | 301 | 19 | 11 | 335 | 113 | +10 | -0 | +1 | -15 | +14 | 0.9 | |
How the minor-league lines were translated
One row per minor-league stint. Open a row to see each step: the raw rate, the park adjustment, the league/level factor, the age adjustment (hitters) and the resulting MLE rate. Factors are the same ones listed on the MLE Factors page.
2025 AAAIndianapolis Indians · 33 PAwOBA .354 → .298 (−57)K% 21.2% → 26.4%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 21.21% | ÷0.965 | ×1.200 | — | — | 26.38% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 3.03% | ÷1.112 | ×0.690 | — | ×0.992 | 1.87% |
| HBP% /PA | 0.00% | — | ×0.940 | — | ×0.992 | 0.00% |
| Singles /BIP | 29.17% | ÷1.008 | ×0.930 | — | ×0.992 | 26.71% |
| Doubles /BIP | 8.33% | ÷0.995 | ×0.830 | — | ×0.992 | 6.89% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.00% | ÷1.150 | ×0.970 | — | ×0.992 | 0.00% |
| Home runs /BIP | 4.17% | ÷0.915 | ×0.700 | — | ×0.992 | 3.16% |
Factors used: league row International League. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 83, 1B 102, 2B 99, 3B 130, K 93, BB 122 — applied at half strength. Age: age 28 vs a level average of 27.2 → −0.8% on BB/HBP/hit rates (0.8 yr older than average).
Result: wOBA .354 → .298; ISO .161 → .125; BABIP .375 → .332. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2025 AAAltoona Curve · 18 PAwOBA .195 → .152 (−43)K% 11.1% → 14.3%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 11.11% | ÷0.947 | ×1.220 | — | — | 14.31% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 11.11% | ÷1.033 | ×0.700 | — | ×0.968 | 7.29% |
| HBP% /PA | 0.00% | — | ×0.850 | — | ×0.968 | 0.00% |
| Singles /BIP | 7.14% | ÷1.024 | ×0.970 | — | ×0.968 | 6.55% |
| Doubles /BIP | 7.14% | ÷1.036 | ×0.860 | — | ×0.968 | 5.74% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.00% | ÷1.150 | ×0.950 | — | ×0.968 | 0.00% |
| Home runs /BIP | 0.00% | ÷0.891 | ×0.780 | — | ×0.968 | 0.00% |
Factors used: league row EL. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 78, 1B 105, 2B 107, 3B 130, K 89, BB 107 — applied at half strength. Age: age 28 vs a level average of 24.8 → −3.2% on BB/HBP/hit rates (3.2 yr older than average).
Result: wOBA .195 → .152; ISO .062 → .051; BABIP .143 → .123. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2024 AAABuffalo Bisons · 259 PAwOBA .421 → .362 (−59)K% 15.8% → 18.9%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 15.83% | ÷1.004 | ×1.200 | — | — | 18.92% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 16.99% | ÷1.028 | ×0.690 | — | ×1.003 | 11.44% |
| HBP% /PA | 1.16% | — | ×0.940 | — | ×1.003 | 1.09% |
| Singles /BIP | 25.15% | ÷0.988 | ×0.930 | ×1.012 | ×1.003 | 24.04% |
| Doubles /BIP | 12.87% | ÷0.959 | ×0.830 | ×1.012 | ×1.003 | 11.31% |
| Triples /BIP | 1.17% | ÷1.150 | ×0.970 | ×1.012 | ×1.003 | 1.00% |
| Home runs /BIP | 2.34% | ÷0.990 | ×0.700 | — | ×1.003 | 1.66% |
Factors used: league row International League. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 98, 1B 98, 2B 92, 3B 130, K 101, BB 106 — applied at half strength. Age: age 27 vs a level average of 27.2 → +0.3% on BB/HBP/hit rates (0.2 yr younger than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×1.012.
Result: wOBA .421 → .362; ISO .179 → .153; BABIP .401 → .370. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2023 AAABuffalo Bisons · 484 PAwOBA .414 → .354 (−60)K% 14.9% → 18.3%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 14.88% | ÷0.973 | ×1.200 | — | — | 18.35% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 15.50% | ÷0.984 | ×0.690 | — | ×1.018 | 11.06% |
| HBP% /PA | 1.65% | — | ×0.940 | — | ×1.018 | 1.58% |
| Singles /BIP | 28.44% | ÷1.018 | ×0.930 | ×0.983 | ×1.018 | 26.01% |
| Doubles /BIP | 9.38% | ÷1.033 | ×0.830 | ×0.983 | ×1.018 | 7.54% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.31% | ÷1.150 | ×0.970 | ×0.983 | ×1.018 | 0.26% |
| Home runs /BIP | 3.12% | ÷0.916 | ×0.700 | — | ×1.018 | 2.43% |
Factors used: league row International League. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 83, 1B 104, 2B 107, 3B 130, K 95, BB 97 — applied at half strength. Age: age 26 vs a level average of 27.2 → +1.8% on BB/HBP/hit rates (1.2 yr younger than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.983.
Result: wOBA .414 → .354; ISO .158 → .131; BABIP .386 → .340. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2022 AANew Hampshire Fisher Cats · 281 PAwOBA .401 → .349 (−52)K% 19.2% → 23.2%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 19.22% | ÷1.012 | ×1.220 | — | — | 23.16% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 14.95% | ÷0.911 | ×0.700 | — | ×0.998 | 11.47% |
| HBP% /PA | 1.42% | — | ×0.850 | — | ×0.998 | 1.21% |
| Singles /BIP | 21.91% | ÷0.991 | ×0.970 | ×1.035 | ×0.998 | 22.17% |
| Doubles /BIP | 10.67% | ÷1.067 | ×0.860 | ×1.035 | ×0.998 | 8.89% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.56% | ÷0.900 | ×0.950 | ×1.035 | ×0.998 | 0.61% |
| Home runs /BIP | 5.62% | ÷1.027 | ×0.780 | — | ×0.998 | 4.26% |
Factors used: league row EL. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 105, 1B 98, 2B 113, 3B 80, K 102, BB 82 — applied at half strength. Age: age 25 vs a level average of 24.8 → −0.2% on BB/HBP/hit rates (0.2 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×1.035.
Result: wOBA .401 → .349; ISO .220 → .178; BABIP .347 → .327. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2022 AAABuffalo Bisons · 202 PAwOBA .325 → .289 (−36)K% 20.3% → 23.9%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 20.30% | ÷1.018 | ×1.200 | — | — | 23.93% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 14.85% | ÷1.032 | ×0.690 | — | ×1.033 | 10.25% |
| HBP% /PA | 0.50% | — | ×0.940 | — | ×1.033 | 0.48% |
| Singles /BIP | 20.00% | ÷0.960 | ×0.930 | ×1.044 | ×1.033 | 20.90% |
| Doubles /BIP | 10.77% | ÷0.984 | ×0.830 | ×1.044 | ×1.033 | 9.80% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.00% | ÷1.149 | ×0.970 | ×1.044 | ×1.033 | 0.00% |
| Home runs /BIP | 1.54% | ÷0.951 | ×0.700 | — | ×1.033 | 1.17% |
Factors used: league row International League. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 90, 1B 92, 2B 97, 3B 130, K 104, BB 106 — applied at half strength. Age: age 25 vs a level average of 27.2 → +3.3% on BB/HBP/hit rates (2.2 yr younger than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×1.044.
Result: wOBA .325 → .289; ISO .117 → .103; BABIP .312 → .311. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2021 A+Vancouver Canadians · 469 PAwOBA .374 → .326 (−47)K% 14.1% → 19.2%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 14.07% | ÷0.991 | ×1.350 | — | — | 19.17% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 14.93% | ÷0.944 | ×0.710 | — | ×0.988 | 11.10% |
| HBP% /PA | 1.07% | — | ×0.810 | — | ×0.988 | 0.85% |
| Singles /BIP | 22.91% | ÷0.974 | ×0.910 | ×1.030 | ×0.988 | 21.79% |
| Doubles /BIP | 8.67% | ÷0.938 | ×0.830 | ×1.030 | ×0.988 | 7.81% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.31% | ÷1.049 | ×0.820 | ×1.030 | ×0.988 | 0.25% |
| Home runs /BIP | 3.10% | ÷0.909 | ×0.830 | — | ×0.988 | 2.79% |
Factors used: level-wide A+ factors (no league-specific row for this league/era). Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 82, 1B 95, 2B 88, 3B 110, K 98, BB 89 — applied at half strength. Age: age 24 vs a level average of 22.8 → −1.2% on BB/HBP/hit rates (1.2 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×1.030.
Result: wOBA .374 → .326; ISO .154 → .139; BABIP .324 → .302. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
2021 AANew Hampshire Fisher Cats · 16 PAwOBA .516 → .423 (−93)K% 12.5% → 15.4%
| Component | Raw | Park ÷ | Level factor × | GB/FB × | Age × | = MLE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K% /PA | 12.50% | ÷0.990 | ×1.220 | — | — | 15.40% |
| BB% (unintentional) /PA | 0.00% | ÷0.966 | ×0.690 | — | ×1.012 | 0.00% |
| HBP% /PA | 0.00% | — | ×0.850 | — | ×1.012 | 0.00% |
| Singles /BIP | 14.29% | ÷1.022 | ×0.940 | — | ×1.012 | 13.30% |
| Doubles /BIP | 14.29% | ÷1.039 | ×0.870 | — | ×1.012 | 12.10% |
| Triples /BIP | 0.00% | ÷0.900 | ×0.920 | — | ×1.012 | 0.00% |
| Home runs /BIP | 14.29% | ÷0.973 | ×0.780 | — | ×1.012 | 11.58% |
Factors used: level-wide AA factors (no league-specific row for this league/era). Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 95, 1B 104, 2B 108, 3B 80, K 98, BB 93 — applied at half strength. Age: age 24 vs a level average of 24.8 → +1.2% on BB/HBP/hit rates (0.8 yr younger than average).
Result: wOBA .516 → .423; ISO .500 → .396; BABIP .333 → .287. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).
Not traceable per stint: some stints lack the counting stats the component translation needs. Level-wide factors that apply instead — .