Preston Tucker

PosLF

B/TL/L

Born1990-07-06

Age (2027)37

No MLB projection yet. Career stats below are historical.

Overview

AAALAST SEASON 2023

Year	Age	Lvl / Team	PA	AVG/OBP/SLG	HR	SB	wRC+	WAR	MLE AVG/OBP/SLG
2019	29	AAACWS	93	.277/.348/.410	1	0	67	—	.233/.283/.349
2022	32	AAAATL	311	.267/.353/.426	9	1	74	—	.224/.288/.338
2023	33	AAASD	240	.293/.435/.565	11	1	113	—	.238/.343/.422

Contract

No contract data on file.

Skills · percentileStatcast 2015-2018

Avg EV61

Speed40

xwOBA37

Barrel%26

Career Stats + Projections

Real MLB stats plus park-adjusted projections — this season (so far / rest / full), then future seasons and career totals.

show model inputsbasis chips: RAW = as recorded · CTX = with park/league context · A+C = actual + context combined · MLE = level/park-neutral

Methodology▸ how these numbers are built

All seasons translated to park-neutral MLB-equivalent (MLE) and combined per year. 2027 = full-season projection (no games played yet). 2028+ via Advanced Marcel + aging curve.

Year	Age	Lvl	Team	MLB%	PA	AB	H	2B	3B	HR	BB	SO	HBP	SB	CS	AVG	OBP	SLG	OPS	ISO	BABIP	K%	BB%	wOBA	wRC+	BAT	RUN	FLD	POS	REP	WAR
▸ Career — actual stats, one row per stint (as recorded, no adjustments)
2013	23	AA	Corpus Christi Hooks	—	268	237	62	14	1	10	27	46	4	0	1	262	347	456	803	194	287	17	10	357	76	—	—	—	—	—	—
2013	23	A+	Lancaster JetHawks	—	333	298	97	18	1	15	29	45	2	3	0	326	389	544	933	218	339	14	9	404	95	—	—	—	—	—	—
2014	24	AAA	Oklahoma City RedHawks	—	309	275	79	18	0	7	31	74	0	2	0	287	359	429	789	142	365	24	10	350	82	—	—	—	—	—	—
2014	24	AA	Corpus Christi Hooks	—	290	261	72	17	0	17	26	46	3	2	3	276	348	536	885	261	278	16	9	386	101	—	—	—	—	—	—
2015	25	MLB	Houston Astros	—	323	300	73	19	0	13	20	68	3	0	2	243	297	437	734	193	274	21	6	324	104	+2	-1	-7	-5	+7	-0.4
2015	25	AAA	Fresno Grizzlies	—	143	129	38	4	0	11	12	25	1	1	0	295	359	581	941	287	287	17	8	405	105	—	—	—	—	—	—
2016	26	MLB	Houston Astros	—	144	134	22	8	1	4	8	40	2	0	0	164	222	328	551	164	200	28	6	246	51	-8	+0	-2	-4	+3	-1.2
2016	26	AAA	Fresno Grizzlies	—	229	209	63	14	3	8	15	49	2	1	1	301	354	512	866	211	355	21	7	375	81	—	—	—	—	—	—
2016	26	AA	Corpus Christi Hooks	—	24	21	2	0	0	0	2	9	0	0	0	95	174	95	269		154	38	8	134	-35	—	—	—	—	—	—
2017	27	AAA	Fresno Grizzlies	—	569	492	123	20	7	24	65	102	1	2	3	250	338	465	804	215	263	18	11	348	76	—	—	—	—	—	—
2018	28	MLB	Atlanta Braves	—	184	166	38	11	0	6	13	43	4	0	0	229	301	404	704	175	271	23	7	313	98	-0	+0	-4	-3	+4	-0.3
2018	28	AAA	Louisville Bats	—	71	69	17	4	1	0	2	7	0	0	0	246	268	333	601	87	274	10	3	268	34	—	—	—	—	—	—
2019	29	AAA	Charlotte Knights	—	93	83	23	8	0	1	9	7	0	0	1	277	348	410	757	133	289	8	10	337	67	—	—	—	—	—	—
2022	32	AAA	Gwinnett Stripers	—	311	270	72	16	0	9	30	49	6	1	0	267	353	426	779	159	290	16	10	345	74	—	—	—	—	—	—
2023	33	AAA	El Paso Chihuahuas	—	240	191	56	13	3	11	43	43	5	1	0	293	435	565	1.001	272	326	18	18	435	113	—	—	—	—	—	—
▸ Career Totals (raw MLB only — historical actual)
MLB Career	—			—	651	600	133	38	1	23	41	151	9	0	2	222	282	403	685	182	258	23	6	304	92	-6	-1	-13	-12	+14	-1.8
▸ Career — adjusted (every ACTUAL line translated to park/league-neutral MLB equivalents)
2013	23	AA MLE	Corpus Christi Hooks	—	268	247	53	11	1	7	17	56	4	0	1	215	276	352	628	138	251	21	6	280	76	—	—	—	—	—	—
2013	23	A+ MLE	Lancaster JetHawks	—	333	308	79	13	1	12	19	65	2	3	0	256	304	422	726	166	276	20	6	309	95	—	—	—	—	—	—
2014	24	AAA MLE	Oklahoma City RedHawks	—	309	285	69	16	0	5	21	96	0	2	0	242	294	351	645	109	339	31	7	289	82	—	—	—	—	—	—
2014	24	AA MLE	Corpus Christi Hooks	—	290	272	64	16	0	14	15	57	3	2	3	235	283	449	731	213	246	20	5	317	101	—	—	—	—	—	—
2015	25	MLB MLE	Houston Astros	—	323	300	72	18	0	13	20	68	3	0	2	240	294	430	724	190	274	21	6	322	104	+2	-1	-7	-5	+7	-0.4
2015	25	AAA MLE	Fresno Grizzlies	—	143	133	32	3	0	8	8	32	1	1	0	241	289	444	732	203	258	22	6	323	105	—	—	—	—	—	—
2016	26	MLB MLE	Houston Astros	—	144	134	22	8	1	4	8	40	2	0	0	164	222	328	551	164	200	28	6	243	51	-8	+0	-2	-4	+3	-1.2
2016	26	AAA MLE	Fresno Grizzlies	—	229	214	51	10	2	6	10	63	2	1	1	238	279	388	667	150	299	28	4	288	81	—	—	—	—	—	—
2016	26	AA MLE	Corpus Christi Hooks	—	24	22	2	0	0	0	1	10	0	0	0	91	130	91	221		145	42	4	117	-35	—	—	—	—	—	—
2017	27	AAA MLE	Fresno Grizzlies	—	569	514	107	17	5	20	44	133	1	2	3	208	272	377	649	169	227	23	8	280	76	—	—	—	—	—	—
2018	28	MLB MLE	Atlanta Braves	—	184	166	38	11	0	6	13	43	4	0	0	229	301	404	704	175	271	23	7	313	98	-0	+0	-4	-3	+4	-0.3
2018	28	AAA MLE	Louisville Bats	—	71	70	14	3	1	0	1	9	0	0	0	200	211	271	483	71	238	13	1	218	34	—	—	—	—	—	—
2019	29	AAA MLE	Charlotte Knights	—	93	86	20	7	0	1	6	9	0	0	1	233	283	349	631	116	240	10	6	267	67	—	—	—	—	—	—
2022	32	AAA MLE	Gwinnett Stripers	—	311	281	63	14	0	6	19	59	6	1	0	224	288	338	626	114	250	19	6	277	74	—	—	—	—	—	—
2023	33	AAA MLE	El Paso Chihuahuas	—	240	206	49	11	3	7	28	52	5	1	0	238	343	422	765	184	281	22	12	335	113	—	—	—	—	—	—
2013	23	A+ MLE	2 teams	—	601	555	132	24	2	19	36	121	6	3	1	238	291	391	682	153	270	20	6	296	87	—	—	—	—	—	—
2013	23	A+ RAW	2 teams	—	601	535	159	32	2	25	56	91	6	3	1	297	370	505	875	207	317	15	9	383	87	—	—	—	—	—	—
2014	24	AAA MLE	2 teams	—	599	557	134	32	0	20	36	153	3	4	3	241	290	406	696	165	295	26	6	303	91	—	—	—	—	—	—
2014	24	AAA RAW	2 teams	—	599	536	151	35	0	24	57	120	3	4	3	282	354	481	835	200	322	20	10	367	91	—	—	—	—	—	—
2015	25	MLB MLE	2 teams	—	466	433	105	21	0	22	28	100	4	1	2	242	295	443	738	201	266	21	6	322	104	+2	-1	-7	-5	+10	0.0
2015	25	MLB RAW	2 teams	—	466	429	111	23	0	24	32	93	4	1	2	259	316	480	796	221	278	20	7	349	104	+2	-1	-7	-5	+10	0.0
2016	26	AAA MLE	3 teams	—	397	369	75	18	3	10	20	114	4	1	1	203	252	350	602	146	261	29	5	261	63	—	—	—	—	—	—
2016	26	AAA RAW	3 teams	—	397	364	87	22	4	12	25	98	4	1	1	239	295	420	715	181	291	25	6	313	63	—	—	—	—	—	—
2017	27	AAA MLE	Fresno Grizzlies	—	569	514	107	17	5	20	44	133	1	2	3	208	272	377	649	169	235	23	8	280	76	—	—	—	—	—	—
2017	27	AAA RAW	Fresno Grizzlies	—	569	492	123	20	7	24	65	102	1	2	3	250	338	465	804	215	263	18	11	348	76	—	—	—	—	—	—
2018	28	MLB MLE	2 teams	—	255	236	52	14	1	6	14	52	4	0	0	220	276	364	640	144	257	20	5	287	80	-6	+0	-4	-3	+6	-0.8
2018	28	MLB RAW	2 teams	—	255	235	55	15	1	6	15	50	4	0	0	234	291	383	674	149	272	20	6	301	80	-6	+0	-4	-3	+6	-0.8
2019	29	AAA MLE	Charlotte Knights	—	93	86	20	7	0	1	6	9	0	0	1	233	283	349	631	116	247	10	6	267	67	—	—	—	—	—	—
2019	29	AAA RAW	Charlotte Knights	—	93	83	23	8	0	1	9	7	0	0	1	277	348	410	757	133	289	8	10	337	67	—	—	—	—	—	—
2022	32	AAA MLE	Gwinnett Stripers	—	311	281	63	14	0	6	19	59	6	1	0	224	288	338	626	114	258	19	6	277	74	—	—	—	—	—	—
2022	32	AAA RAW	Gwinnett Stripers	—	311	270	72	16	0	9	30	49	6	1	0	267	353	426	779	159	290	16	10	345	74	—	—	—	—	—	—
2023	33	AAA MLE	El Paso Chihuahuas	—	240	206	49	11	3	7	28	52	5	1	0	238	343	422	765	184	284	22	12	335	113	—	—	—	—	—	—
2023	33	AAA RAW	El Paso Chihuahuas	—	240	191	56	13	3	11	43	43	5	1	0	293	435	565	1.001	272	326	18	18	435	113	—	—	—	—	—	—
2013	23	A+ MLE	2 teams	—	601	554	132	24	2	19	36	121	6	3	1	238	291	392	683	153	265	20	6	296	87	—	—	—	—	—	—
2014	24	AAA MLE	2 teams	—	599	555	134	32	0	20	36	153	3	4	3	241	290	407	697	166	294	26	6	303	91	—	—	—	—	—	—
2015	25	MLB MLE	2 teams	—	466	431	105	21	0	22	28	100	4	1	2	244	295	445	740	202	269	21	6	322	104	—	—	—	—	—	—
2016	26	AAA MLE	3 teams	—	397	370	75	18	3	10	20	114	4	1	1	203	252	349	601	146	254	29	5	261	63	—	—	—	—	—	—
2017	27	AAA MLE	Fresno Grizzlies	—	569	519	107	17	5	20	44	133	1	2	3	206	272	374	646	168	227	23	8	280	76	—	—	—	—	—	—
2018	28	MLB MLE	2 teams	—	255	235	52	14	1	6	14	52	4	0	0	221	276	366	642	145	262	20	5	287	80	—	—	—	—	—	—
2019	29	AAA MLE	Charlotte Knights	—	93	87	20	7	0	1	6	9	0	0	1	230	283	345	627	115	240	10	6	267	67	—	—	—	—	—	—
2022	32	AAA MLE	Gwinnett Stripers	—	311	283	63	14	0	6	19	59	6	1	0	223	288	336	623	113	250	19	6	277	74	—	—	—	—	—	—
2023	33	AAA MLE	El Paso Chihuahuas	—	240	205	49	11	3	7	28	52	5	1	0	239	343	424	767	185	281	22	12	335	113	—	—	—	—	—	—
▸ Career Totals
▸ Career totals — MLB only (actual + projected)
Career	—	A+C		—	651	600	133	38	1	23	41	151	9	0	2	222	282	403	685	182	258	23	6	304	85	-6	-1	-13	-12	+14	-1.8
/ 162G	—	A+C		—	650	599	133	38	1	23	41	151	9	0	2	222	282	404	686	182	258	23	6	304	85	-6	-1	-13	-12	+14	-1.8
Career	—	MLE		—	3531	3237	737	158	14	111	231	793	33	13	11	228	286	388	674	160	265	22	7	294	85	-6	-1	-13	-12	+14	-1.8
/ 162G	—	MLE		—	650	596	136	29	3	20	43	146	6	2	2	228	287	388	675	159	266	22	7	294	85	-6	-1	-13	-12	+14	-1.8

How the minor-league lines were translated

One row per minor-league stint. Open a row to see each step: the raw rate, the park adjustment, the league/level factor, the age adjustment (hitters) and the resulting MLE rate. Factors are the same ones listed on the MLE Factors page.

2023 AAAEl Paso Chihuahuas · 240 PAwOBA .425 → .335 (−89)K% 17.9% → 21.8%

Component	Raw	Park ÷	Level factor ×	GB/FB ×	Age ×	= MLE
K% /PA	17.92%	÷0.985	×1.200	—	—	21.84%
BB% (unintentional) /PA	17.50%	÷0.963	×0.690	—	×0.942	11.81%
HBP% /PA	2.08%	—	×0.940	—	×0.942	1.84%
Singles /BIP	19.59%	÷0.958	×0.930	×1.016	×0.942	18.20%
Doubles /BIP	8.78%	÷0.975	×0.830	×1.016	×0.942	7.15%
Triples /BIP	2.03%	÷1.150	×0.970	×1.016	×0.942	1.64%
Home runs /BIP	7.43%	÷1.052	×0.700	—	×0.942	4.66%

Factors used: league row International League. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 110, 1B 92, 2B 95, 3B 130, K 97, BB 93 — applied at half strength. Age: age 33 vs a level average of 27.2 → −5.8% on BB/HBP/hit rates (5.8 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×1.016.

Result: wOBA .425 → .335; ISO .272 → .198; BABIP .326 → .281. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).

2022 AAAGwinnett Stripers · 311 PAwOBA .340 → .277 (−63)K% 15.8% → 18.9%

Component	Raw	Park ÷	Level factor ×	GB/FB ×	Age ×	= MLE
K% /PA	15.76%	÷1.002	×1.200	—	—	18.87%
BB% (unintentional) /PA	9.32%	÷0.998	×0.690	—	×0.952	6.14%
HBP% /PA	1.93%	—	×0.940	—	×0.952	1.73%
Singles /BIP	21.27%	÷1.018	×0.930	×1.016	×0.952	18.81%
Doubles /BIP	7.24%	÷0.966	×0.830	×1.016	×0.952	6.02%
Triples /BIP	0.00%	÷1.150	×0.970	×1.016	×0.952	0.00%
Home runs /BIP	4.07%	÷0.981	×0.700	—	×0.952	2.77%

Factors used: league row International League. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 96, 1B 104, 2B 93, 3B 130, K 100, BB 100 — applied at half strength. Age: age 32 vs a level average of 27.2 → −4.8% on BB/HBP/hit rates (4.8 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×1.016.

Result: wOBA .340 → .277; ISO .159 → .121; BABIP .290 → .250. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).

2019 AAACharlotte Knights · 93 PAwOBA .331 → .267 (−65)K% 7.5% → 9.4%

Component	Raw	Park ÷	Level factor ×	GB/FB ×	Age ×	= MLE
K% /PA	7.53%	÷0.962	×1.200	—	—	9.39%
BB% (unintentional) /PA	9.68%	÷1.077	×0.690	—	×0.982	6.09%
HBP% /PA	0.00%	—	×0.940	—	×0.982	0.00%
Singles /BIP	18.42%	÷1.061	×0.930	×0.957	×0.982	15.18%
Doubles /BIP	10.53%	÷0.921	×0.830	×0.957	×0.982	8.92%
Triples /BIP	0.00%	÷0.900	×0.970	×0.957	×0.982	0.00%
Home runs /BIP	1.32%	÷1.212	×0.840	—	×0.982	0.90%

Factors used: league row IL. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 142, 1B 112, 2B 84, 3B 80, K 92, BB 115 — applied at half strength. Age: age 29 vs a level average of 27.2 → −1.8% on BB/HBP/hit rates (1.8 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.957.

Result: wOBA .331 → .267; ISO .133 → .110; BABIP .289 → .240. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).

2018 AAALouisville Bats · 71 PAwOBA .260 → .218 (−42)K% 9.9% → 12.3%

Component	Raw	Park ÷	Level factor ×	GB/FB ×	Age ×	= MLE
K% /PA	9.86%	÷0.962	×1.200	—	—	12.29%
BB% (unintentional) /PA	2.82%	÷0.967	×0.690	—	×0.992	1.99%
HBP% /PA	0.00%	—	×0.940	—	×0.992	0.00%
Singles /BIP	19.35%	÷1.011	×0.930	×0.975	×0.992	17.21%
Doubles /BIP	6.45%	÷1.018	×0.830	×0.975	×0.992	5.09%
Triples /BIP	1.61%	÷1.001	×0.970	×0.975	×0.992	1.51%
Home runs /BIP	0.00%	÷0.988	×0.840	—	×0.992	0.00%

Factors used: league row IL. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 98, 1B 102, 2B 104, 3B 100, K 92, BB 93 — applied at half strength. Age: age 28 vs a level average of 27.2 → −0.8% on BB/HBP/hit rates (0.8 yr older than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.975.

Result: wOBA .260 → .218; ISO .087 → .072; BABIP .274 → .238. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).

2017 AAAFresno Grizzlies · 569 PAwOBA .344 → .280 (−64)K% 17.9% → 23.3%

Component	Raw	Park ÷	Level factor ×	GB/FB ×	Age ×	= MLE
K% /PA	17.93%	÷0.992	×1.290	—	—	23.30%
BB% (unintentional) /PA	11.07%	÷1.028	×0.710	—	×1.003	7.67%
HBP% /PA	0.18%	—	×0.980	—	×1.003	0.17%
Singles /BIP	18.46%	÷0.978	×0.900	×0.970	×1.003	16.53%
Doubles /BIP	5.13%	÷0.926	×0.810	×0.970	×1.003	4.36%
Triples /BIP	1.79%	÷1.150	×0.810	×0.970	×1.003	1.23%
Home runs /BIP	6.15%	÷0.963	×0.780	—	×1.003	5.00%

Factors used: league row PCL. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 93, 1B 96, 2B 85, 3B 130, K 98, BB 106 — applied at half strength. Age: age 27 vs a level average of 27.2 → +0.3% on BB/HBP/hit rates (0.2 yr younger than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.970.

Result: wOBA .344 → .280; ISO .215 → .174; BABIP .263 → .227. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).

2016 AAAFresno Grizzlies · 229 PAwOBA .368 → .288 (−79)K% 21.4% → 27.7%

Component	Raw	Park ÷	Level factor ×	GB/FB ×	Age ×	= MLE
K% /PA	21.40%	÷0.996	×1.290	—	—	27.70%
BB% (unintentional) /PA	6.11%	÷1.008	×0.710	—	×1.018	4.38%
HBP% /PA	0.87%	—	×0.980	—	×1.018	0.87%
Singles /BIP	23.75%	÷1.000	×0.900	×0.982	×1.018	21.36%
Doubles /BIP	8.75%	÷1.061	×0.810	×0.982	×1.018	6.67%
Triples /BIP	1.88%	÷1.150	×0.810	×0.982	×1.018	1.32%
Home runs /BIP	5.00%	÷1.040	×0.780	—	×1.018	3.82%

Factors used: league row PCL. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 108, 1B 100, 2B 112, 3B 130, K 99, BB 102 — applied at half strength. Age: age 26 vs a level average of 27.2 → +1.8% on BB/HBP/hit rates (1.2 yr younger than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.982.

Result: wOBA .368 → .288; ISO .211 → .153; BABIP .355 → .299. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).

2016 AACorpus Christi Hooks · 24 PAwOBA .137 → .117 (−19)K% 37.5% → 43.3%

Component	Raw	Park ÷	Level factor ×	GB/FB ×	Age ×	= MLE
K% /PA	37.50%	÷1.055	×1.220	—	—	43.34%
BB% (unintentional) /PA	8.33%	÷0.932	×0.700	—	×0.988	6.18%
HBP% /PA	0.00%	—	×0.870	—	×0.988	0.00%
Singles /BIP	16.67%	÷0.967	×0.920	—	×0.988	15.67%
Doubles /BIP	0.00%	÷1.017	×0.840	—	×0.988	0.00%
Triples /BIP	0.00%	÷0.977	×0.940	—	×0.988	0.00%
Home runs /BIP	0.00%	÷1.196	×0.800	—	×0.988	0.00%

Factors used: league row TL. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 139, 1B 93, 2B 103, 3B 95, K 111, BB 86 — applied at half strength. Age: age 26 vs a level average of 24.8 → −1.2% on BB/HBP/hit rates (1.2 yr older than average).

Result: wOBA .137 → .117; ISO .000 → .000; BABIP .154 → .145. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).

2015 AAAFresno Grizzlies · 143 PAwOBA .394 → .323 (−71)K% 17.5% → 22.1%

Component	Raw	Park ÷	Level factor ×	GB/FB ×	Age ×	= MLE
K% /PA	17.48%	÷1.020	×1.290	—	—	22.12%
BB% (unintentional) /PA	7.69%	÷0.987	×0.710	—	×1.033	5.72%
HBP% /PA	0.70%	—	×0.980	—	×1.033	0.71%
Singles /BIP	22.12%	÷0.972	×0.900	×0.989	×1.033	20.92%
Doubles /BIP	3.85%	÷1.051	×0.810	×0.989	×1.033	3.03%
Triples /BIP	0.00%	÷1.021	×0.810	×0.989	×1.033	0.00%
Home runs /BIP	10.58%	÷1.060	×0.780	—	×1.033	8.04%

Factors used: league row PCL. Park (home-season share, regressed): HR 112, 1B 94, 2B 110, 3B 104, K 104, BB 97 — applied at half strength. Age: age 25 vs a level average of 27.2 → +3.3% on BB/HBP/hit rates (2.2 yr younger than average). Ground-ball/fly-ball mix moves 1B/2B/3B by ×0.989.

Result: wOBA .394 → .323; ISO .287 → .215; BABIP .287 → .258. Both wOBAs use the same linear weights, so the change is the translation alone. The MLE line is not regressed to the mean — regression happens later, when seasons are blended into a projection (how).